Combining Two Diagnostic Tests Drastically Reduces Cancer Miss Rates
|
By LabMedica International staff writers Posted on 17 May 2016 |
|
Image: A photomicrograph of an abnormal Pap smear showing changes consistent with Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) and Mild Dysplasia. Note the irregular perinuclear cytoplasmic clearing, which is the key characteristic of identifying HPV visually on a Pap smear (Photo courtesy of Dr. Cynthia D Booth, MD).
The Papanicolaou (Pap) test is recommended for women between 21 and 65 years old as a screening test for cervical cancer. Women 30 and older who are negative on co-testing may wait as long as five years for their next testing, but physicians still recommend annual examinations.
In recent years, high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) testing for triaging atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance and co-testing with cytology have been implemented in clinical practice. However, clinical data for primary screening with human papillomavirus (HPV) testing alone are currently lacking.
Scientists at the Houston Methodist Hospital (Houston, TX, USA) and their colleagues retrospectively reviewed the correlation of cytology, histology, and hrHPV testing through the use of a cytology laboratory quality assurance database with 130,648 Papanicolaou (Pap) tests interpreted at the BioReference Laboratories (Houston, TX, USA) and Houston Methodist Hospital between March 1, 2013, and June 30, 2014. Among the 47,499 patients who had undergone cytology-HPV co-testing, 1,654 underwent follow-up biopsies.
The sensitivities of the hrHPV and Pap tests were 80.8% and 81.2%, respectively, for detecting any type of cervicovaginal dysplasia and 91.3% and 90.9%, respectively, for high-grade cervicovaginal lesions. For the 253 biopsy-confirmed high-grade cervicovaginal lesions (cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2+, adenocarcinoma in situ, or carcinoma), the false-negative rates for hrHPV and Pap tests were 8.7% and 9.1%, respectively. When they combined the tests, the teams found only three of the 253 cases were double negatives for both the Pap and hrHPV test. Therefore the false-negative rate for cytology-hrHPV co-testing was only 1.2%.
Dina Mody, MD, director of cytopathology at Houston Methodist Hospital and co-author of the study said, “We have known that neither test is perfect and misses a certain number of cases, but we did not realize until we analyzed the data just how impactful the combination of these tests would be. The numbers tell me that Obstetrics and Gynecology specialists need to regularly offer co-testing, and woman age 30 or older need to proactively request co-testing.” The study was published in the May 2016 issue of the journal Cancer Cytopathology.
Related Links:
Houston Methodist Hospital
BioReference Laboratories
In recent years, high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) testing for triaging atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance and co-testing with cytology have been implemented in clinical practice. However, clinical data for primary screening with human papillomavirus (HPV) testing alone are currently lacking.
Scientists at the Houston Methodist Hospital (Houston, TX, USA) and their colleagues retrospectively reviewed the correlation of cytology, histology, and hrHPV testing through the use of a cytology laboratory quality assurance database with 130,648 Papanicolaou (Pap) tests interpreted at the BioReference Laboratories (Houston, TX, USA) and Houston Methodist Hospital between March 1, 2013, and June 30, 2014. Among the 47,499 patients who had undergone cytology-HPV co-testing, 1,654 underwent follow-up biopsies.
The sensitivities of the hrHPV and Pap tests were 80.8% and 81.2%, respectively, for detecting any type of cervicovaginal dysplasia and 91.3% and 90.9%, respectively, for high-grade cervicovaginal lesions. For the 253 biopsy-confirmed high-grade cervicovaginal lesions (cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2+, adenocarcinoma in situ, or carcinoma), the false-negative rates for hrHPV and Pap tests were 8.7% and 9.1%, respectively. When they combined the tests, the teams found only three of the 253 cases were double negatives for both the Pap and hrHPV test. Therefore the false-negative rate for cytology-hrHPV co-testing was only 1.2%.
Dina Mody, MD, director of cytopathology at Houston Methodist Hospital and co-author of the study said, “We have known that neither test is perfect and misses a certain number of cases, but we did not realize until we analyzed the data just how impactful the combination of these tests would be. The numbers tell me that Obstetrics and Gynecology specialists need to regularly offer co-testing, and woman age 30 or older need to proactively request co-testing.” The study was published in the May 2016 issue of the journal Cancer Cytopathology.
Related Links:
Houston Methodist Hospital
BioReference Laboratories
Gold Member
Veterinary Hematology Analyzer
Exigo H400
New
Toxoplasma Gondii Immunoassay
Toxo IgM AccuBind ELISA Kit
New
Total 25-Hydroxyvitamin D₂ & D₃ Assay
Total 25-Hydroxyvitamin D₂ & D₃ Assay
Latest Pathology News
- Advanced Imaging Reveals Mechanisms Causing Autoimmune Disease
- AI Model Effectively Predicts Patient Outcomes in Common Lung Cancer Type
- AI Model Predicts Patient Response to Bladder Cancer Treatment
- New Laser-Based Method to Accelerate Cancer Diagnosis
- New AI Model Predicts Gene Variants’ Effects on Specific Diseases
- Powerful AI Tool Diagnoses Coeliac Disease from Biopsy Images with Over 97% Accuracy
- Pre-Analytical Conditions Influence Cell-Free MicroRNA Stability in Blood Plasma Samples
- 3D Cell Culture System Could Revolutionize Cancer Diagnostics
- Painless Technique Measures Glucose Concentrations in Solution and Tissue Via Sound Waves
- Skin-Based Test to Improve Diagnosis of Rare, Debilitating Neurodegenerative Disease
- Serum Uromodulin Could Indicate Acute Kidney Injury in COVID-19 Patients
- AI Model Reveals True Biological Age From Five Drops of Blood
- First-Of-Its-Kind AI Tool Visualizes Cell’s ‘Social Network’ To Treat Cancer
- New Test Diagnoses High-Risk Childhood Brain Tumors
- Informatics Solution Elevates Laboratory Efficiency and Patient Care
- Microfluidic Device Assesses Stickiness of Tumor Cells to Predict Cancer Spread
Channels
Clinical Chemistry
view channel
Carbon Nanotubes Help Build Highly Accurate Sensors for Continuous Health Monitoring
Current sensors can measure various health indicators, such as blood glucose levels, in the body. However, there is a need to develop more accurate and sensitive sensor materials that can detect lower... Read more
Paper-Based Device Boosts HIV Test Accuracy from Dried Blood Samples
In regions where access to clinics for routine blood tests presents financial and logistical obstacles, HIV patients are increasingly able to collect and send a drop of blood using paper-based devices... Read more
Molecular Diagnostics
view channel
RNA-Based Blood Test Detects Preeclampsia Risk Months Before Symptoms
Preeclampsia remains a major cause of maternal morbidity and mortality, as well as preterm births. Despite current guidelines that aim to identify pregnant women at increased risk of preeclampsia using... Read more
First Of Its Kind Test Uses microRNAs to Predict Toxicity from Cancer Therapy
Many men with early-stage prostate cancer receive stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT), a highly precise form of radiation treatment that is completed in just five sessions. Compared to traditional radiation,... Read more
Novel Cell-Based Assay Provides Sensitive and Specific Autoantibody Detection in Demyelination
Anti-myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) antibodies serve as markers for an autoimmune demyelinating disorder that affects the peripheral nervous system, leading to sensory impairment. Anti-MAG-IgM antibodies... Read more
Hematology
view channel
New Scoring System Predicts Risk of Developing Cancer from Common Blood Disorder
Clonal cytopenia of undetermined significance (CCUS) is a blood disorder commonly found in older adults, characterized by mutations in blood cells and a low blood count, but without any obvious cause or... Read more
Non-Invasive Prenatal Test for Fetal RhD Status Demonstrates 100% Accuracy
In the United States, approximately 15% of pregnant individuals are RhD-negative. However, in about 40% of these cases, the fetus is also RhD-negative, making the administration of RhoGAM unnecessary.... Read more
Immunology
view channel
Stem Cell Test Predicts Treatment Outcome for Patients with Platinum-Resistant Ovarian Cancer
Epithelial ovarian cancer frequently responds to chemotherapy initially, but eventually, the tumor develops resistance to the therapy, leading to regrowth. This resistance is partially due to the activation... Read more
Machine Learning-Enabled Blood Test Predicts Immunotherapy Response in Lymphoma Patients
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has emerged as one of the most promising recent developments in the treatment of blood cancers. However, over half of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) patients... Read more
Microbiology
view channel
Handheld Device Deliver Low-Cost TB Results in Less Than One Hour
Tuberculosis (TB) remains the deadliest infectious disease globally, affecting an estimated 10 million people annually. In 2021, about 4.2 million TB cases went undiagnosed or unreported, mainly due to... Read more
New AI-Based Method Improves Diagnosis of Drug-Resistant Infections
Drug-resistant infections, particularly those caused by deadly bacteria like tuberculosis and staphylococcus, are rapidly emerging as a global health emergency. These infections are more difficult to treat,... Read more
Breakthrough Diagnostic Technology Identifies Bacterial Infections with Almost 100% Accuracy within Three Hours
Rapid and precise identification of pathogenic microbes in patient samples is essential for the effective treatment of acute infectious diseases, such as sepsis. The fluorescence in situ hybridization... Read more
Technology
view channel
Pain-On-A-Chip Microfluidic Device Determines Types of Chronic Pain from Blood Samples
Chronic pain is a widespread condition that remains difficult to manage, and existing clinical methods for its treatment rely largely on self-reporting, which can be subjective and especially problematic... Read more
Innovative, Label-Free Ratiometric Fluorosensor Enables More Sensitive Viral RNA Detection
Viruses present a major global health risk, as demonstrated by recent pandemics, making early detection and identification essential for preventing new outbreaks. While traditional detection methods are... Read more
Industry
view channel
Cepheid and Oxford Nanopore Technologies Partner on Advancing Automated Sequencing-Based Solutions
Cepheid (Sunnyvale, CA, USA), a leading molecular diagnostics company, and Oxford Nanopore Technologies (Oxford, UK), the company behind a new generation of sequencing-based molecular analysis technologies,... Read more
Grifols and Tecan’s IBL Collaborate on Advanced Biomarker Panels
Grifols (Barcelona, Spain), one of the world’s leading producers of plasma-derived medicines and innovative diagnostic solutions, is expanding its offer in clinical diagnostics through a strategic partnership... Read more
