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Microbiology

Image: A photomicrograph of Gram stain of toxigenic Clostridioides difficile from a stool sample (Photo courtesy of the University of Washington).

Clostridioides difficile Contamination Uncovered in Clinical Lab

Clostridioides (formerly Clostridium) difficile infection is one of the most common hospital-acquired (nosocomial) infections and is an increasingly frequent cause of morbidity and mortality among older adult hospitalized patients. C. difficile is a spore-forming, Gram-positive anaerobic bacillus that produces two exotoxins: toxin A and toxin B. More...
01 Aug 2019
Image: The Xpert MRSA/SA SSTI assay detects methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) & S. aureus (SA) in skin and soft tissue infections in less than one hour (Photo courtesy of Cepheid).

Rapid Diagnostic Panel Used for Pediatric Musculoskeletal Infections

The findings from a retrospective analysis suggested that the use of a rapid musculoskeletal diagnostic panel, or MDP, could have shortened the time it took to identify the cause of infection, provide appropriate antibiotics and reduce the length of stay for children in hospital. More...
31 Jul 2019
Image: Thin blood smear showing a Plasmodium falciparum gametocyte (single arrow) and a schizont of P. vivax (double arrow) from a mixed infection case (Photo courtesy of Sulekha Bhat et al).

Submicroscopic Malaria Prevalence Reported in Immigrants

Malaria remains the most important parasitic infection for humans, causing about 2,000 deaths per day, especially in African children younger than five years old. The importance of submicroscopic malaria infections in high-transmission areas could contribute to maintain the parasite cycle. More...
30 Jul 2019
Image: A Giemsa-stained, thin film blood smear that shows the presence of numerous of ring-form, Plasmodium falciparum trophozoites, with some infected red blood cells (RBCs) harboring multiple organisms (Photo courtesy of Steve Glenn/CDC).

Gene Deletions Affect Rapid Diagnostic Tests for Malaria

Prompt and accurate diagnosis of malaria is crucial for malaria case-management and control and elimination programs. While malaria diagnosis was historically based on symptoms alone, guidelines state that parasite-based diagnosis of malaria should be confirmed before treatment is given. More...
25 Jul 2019
Image: The Multiskan GO microplate spectrophotometer (Photo courtesy of Thermo Fisher Scientific).

Methods Evaluated to Detect Asymptomatic Visceral Leishmaniasis

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is caused by Leishmania infantum [synonymous L. chagasi] in the New World or L. donovani in the Old World, VL can be classified as an anthroponotic or zoonotic disease because it is transmitted between humans and others mammals, such as dogs. More...
24 Jul 2019
Image: An immunohistochemical staining IL-17A expression in (A) M. mycetomatis, and (B) S. somaliensis. IL-17A staining was seen as a brown cytoplasmic staining in cells (Photo courtesy of University of Khartoum).

Immune Molecules Expressed Inside Mycetoma Lesions

Mycetoma is a persistent, progressive granulomatous inflammatory disease caused either by fungi or by bacteria. Characteristic of this disease is that the causative agents organize themselves in macroscopic structures called grains. These grains are surrounded by a massive inflammatory reaction. More...
24 Jul 2019
Image: A scanning electron micrograph (SEM) of infectious particles of the avian H7N9 virus emerging from a cell (Photo courtesy of Medical Xpress).

T Cell Antibody and Memory in H7N9 Survivors Characterized

Avian influenza A (H7N9) is a subtype of influenza viruses that have been detected in birds in the past. This particular A (H7N9) virus had not previously been seen in either animals or people until it was found in March 2013 in China. More...
19 Jul 2019
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