Stem Cell-Generated Stomach Organoids to Boost Gastric Disease Research
|
By LabMedica International staff writers Posted on 24 Jan 2017 |
|
Image: A confocal microscopic image showing tissue-engineered human stomach tissues from the corpus/fundus region, which produces acid and digestive enzymes (Photo courtesy of Cincinnati Children\'s Hospital Medical Center).
Research on gastric diseases will benefit from the development of complex organoid structures containing functional stomach fundic epithelium tissue that were generated from human pluripotent stem cells.
Despite the global prevalence of gastric disease, there are few adequate models in which to study the fundus epithelium of the human stomach. To fill this gap, investigators at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center differentiated human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) into gastric organoids containing fundic epithelium by first identifying and then recapitulating key events in embryonic fundus development.
The investigators reported in the January 4, 2017, online edition of the journal Nature that disruption of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling in mouse embryos led to conversion of fundic to antral epithelium, and that beta-catenin activation in hPSC-derived foregut progenitors promoted the development of human fundic-type gastric organoids (hFGOs). The investigators then used hFGOs to identify temporally distinct roles for multiple signaling pathways in epithelial morphogenesis and differentiation of fundic cell types, including chief cells and functional parietal cells.
"Now that we can grow both antral- and corpus/fundic-type human gastric mini-organs, it is possible to study how these human gastric tissues interact physiologically, respond differently to infection, injury and react to pharmacologic treatments," said senior author Dr. James M. Wells, director of the pluripotent stem cell facility at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center. "Diseases of the stomach impact millions of people in the United States and gastric cancer is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide."
Despite the global prevalence of gastric disease, there are few adequate models in which to study the fundus epithelium of the human stomach. To fill this gap, investigators at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center differentiated human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) into gastric organoids containing fundic epithelium by first identifying and then recapitulating key events in embryonic fundus development.
The investigators reported in the January 4, 2017, online edition of the journal Nature that disruption of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling in mouse embryos led to conversion of fundic to antral epithelium, and that beta-catenin activation in hPSC-derived foregut progenitors promoted the development of human fundic-type gastric organoids (hFGOs). The investigators then used hFGOs to identify temporally distinct roles for multiple signaling pathways in epithelial morphogenesis and differentiation of fundic cell types, including chief cells and functional parietal cells.
"Now that we can grow both antral- and corpus/fundic-type human gastric mini-organs, it is possible to study how these human gastric tissues interact physiologically, respond differently to infection, injury and react to pharmacologic treatments," said senior author Dr. James M. Wells, director of the pluripotent stem cell facility at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center. "Diseases of the stomach impact millions of people in the United States and gastric cancer is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide."
Gold Member
Collection and Transport System
PurSafe Plus®
Gel Cards
DG Gel Cards
HBV DNA Test
GENERIC HBV VIRAL LOAD VER 2.0
Latest BioResearch News
- Mass Spectrometry Technique Detects Protein and Sugar Changes in Neurodegeneration
- Barcoded DNA Sheds Light on Hidden Complexities in Breast Cancer Detection
- CRISPR-Based Platform Pinpoints Drivers of Acute Myeloid Leukemia in Patient Cells
- Protective Brain Protein Emerges as Biomarker Target in Alzheimer’s Disease
- Genome Analysis Predicts Likelihood of Neurodisability in Oxygen-Deprived Newborns
- Gene Panel Predicts Disease Progession for Patients with B-cell Lymphoma
- New Method Simplifies Preparation of Tumor Genomic DNA Libraries
- New Tool Developed for Diagnosis of Chronic HBV Infection
- Panel of Genetic Loci Accurately Predicts Risk of Developing Gout
- Disrupted TGFB Signaling Linked to Increased Cancer-Related Bacteria
- Gene Fusion Protein Proposed as Prostate Cancer Biomarker
- NIV Test to Diagnose and Monitor Vascular Complications in Diabetes
- Semen Exosome MicroRNA Proves Biomarker for Prostate Cancer
- Genetic Loci Link Plasma Lipid Levels to CVD Risk
- Newly Identified Gene Network Aids in Early Diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder
- Link Confirmed between Living in Poverty and Developing Diseases
Channels
Clinical Chemistry
view channel
Blood Test Tracks Transplant Health Using Donor DNA
Organ transplantation offers life-saving treatment for patients with end-stage disease, but complications such as rejection remain a constant risk. Monitoring transplanted organs typically relies on invasive... Read more
AI Sensor Detects Neurological Disorders Using Single Saliva Drop
Neurological disorders such as Parkinson’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease often develop gradually and present subtle symptoms in their early stages. Because early signs are frequently vague or atypical,... Read more
Molecular Diagnostics
view channel
DNA Aptamers Offer New Tool for Easy Alzheimer's Blood Test
Alzheimer’s disease is the most common cause of dementia and is marked by progressive loss of nerve cells that begins many years before symptoms become noticeable. Detecting early signs of neurodegeneration... Read more
Jumping "DNA Parasites” Linked to Early Tumor Development
Cancer genomes accumulate complex structural variants that can be difficult to resolve with standard short-read sequencing, obscuring clinically relevant drivers of disease. Transposable elements, particularly... Read more
AI-Based Liquid Biopsy Detects Liver Fibrosis, Cirrhosis and Chronic Disease Signals
Liver fibrosis and cirrhosis often develop silently for years before symptoms appear, making early diagnosis difficult. Detecting these conditions earlier could allow treatment before irreversible damage... Read more
Hematology
view channel
Rapid Cartridge-Based Test Aims to Expand Access to Hemoglobin Disorder Diagnosis
Sickle cell disease and beta thalassemia are hemoglobin disorders that often require referral to specialized laboratories for definitive diagnosis, delaying results for patients and clinicians.... Read more
New Guidelines Aim to Improve AL Amyloidosis Diagnosis
Light chain (AL) amyloidosis is a rare, life-threatening bone marrow disorder in which abnormal amyloid proteins accumulate in organs. Approximately 3,260 people in the United States are diagnosed... Read more
Immunology
view channel
Cancer Mutation ‘Fingerprints’ to Improve Prediction of Immunotherapy Response
Cancer cells accumulate thousands of genetic mutations, but not all mutations affect tumors in the same way. Some make cancer cells more visible to the immune system, while others allow tumors to evade... Read more
Immune Signature Identified in Treatment-Resistant Myasthenia Gravis
Myasthenia gravis is a rare autoimmune disorder in which immune attack at the neuromuscular junction causes fluctuating weakness that can impair vision, movement, speech, swallowing, and breathing.... Read more
New Biomarker Predicts Chemotherapy Response in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Triple-negative breast cancer is an aggressive form of breast cancer in which patients often show widely varying responses to chemotherapy. Predicting who will benefit from treatment remains challenging,... Read more
Blood Test Identifies Lung Cancer Patients Who Can Benefit from Immunotherapy Drug
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an aggressive disease with limited treatment options, and even newly approved immunotherapies do not benefit all patients. While immunotherapy can extend survival for some,... Read moreMicrobiology
view channel
Study Highlights Accuracy Gaps in Consumer Gut Microbiome Kits
Direct-to-consumer gut microbiome kits promise personalized insights by profiling fecal bacteria and generating health readouts, but their analytical accuracy remains uncertain. A new study shows that... Read more
WHO Recommends Near POC Tests, Tongue Swabs and Sputum Pooling for TB Diagnosis
Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the world’s leading infectious disease killers, yet millions of cases go undiagnosed or are detected too late. Barriers such as reliance on sputum samples, limited laboratory... Read more
Pathology
view channel
Novel mcPCR Technology to Transform Testing of Clinical Samples
DNA methylation is an important biological marker used in the diagnosis and monitoring of many diseases, including cancer. These chemical modifications to DNA influence gene activity and can reveal early... Read more
Sex Differences in Alzheimer’s Biomarkers Linked to Faster Cognitive Decline
Sex differences in Alzheimer’s disease present ongoing diagnostic challenges, with women often experiencing a disproportionate disease burden even when preclinical amyloid-beta levels are similar to men.... Read more
Technology
view channel
AI Model Outperforms Clinicians in Rare Disease Detection
Rare diseases affect an estimated 300 million people worldwide, yet diagnosis is often protracted and error-prone. Many conditions present with heterogeneous signs that overlap with common disorders, leading... Read more
AI-Driven Diagnostic Demonstrates High Accuracy in Detecting Periprosthetic Joint Infection
Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a rare but serious complication affecting 1% to 2% of primary joint replacement surgeries. The condition occurs when bacteria or fungi infect tissues around an implanted... Read more
Industry
view channel
Agilent Technologies Acquires Pathology Diagnostics Company Biocare Medical
Agilent Technologies (Santa Clara, CA, USA) has entered into a definitive agreement to acquire Biocare Medical (Pacheco, CA, USA), expanding its pathology portfolio through the addition of highly complementary... Read more
Cepheid Joins CDC Initiative to Strengthen U.S. Pandemic Testing Preparednesss
Cepheid (Sunnyvale, CA, USA) has been selected by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) as one of four national collaborators in a federal initiative to speed rapid diagnostic technologies... Read more
QuidelOrtho Collaborates with Lifotronic to Expand Global Immunoassay Portfolio
QuidelOrtho (San Diego, CA, USA) has entered a long-term strategic supply agreement with Lifotronic Technology (Shenzhen, China) to expand its global immunoassay portfolio and accelerate customer access... Read more
