Protein-Expression Changes Specific to Immunoglobulin G4-Related Disease Analyzed
|
By LabMedica International staff writers Posted on 09 Sep 2021 |
|
Image: Immunohistochemical staining showing IgG4-positive plasma cells (white arrows) from a girl with sclerosing mesenteritis (Photo courtesy of King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences)
Immunoglobulin 4 (IgG4)-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a lymphoproliferative disorder characterized by elevated serum IgG4 levels and infiltration of IgG4-positive plasma cells into the affected tissues.
The pathology of IgG4-related disease cannot be explained based only on the change in a single gene or a protein. Organs affected by this disease are distributed throughout the body, including the lacrimal/salivary glands, pancreas, retroperitoneum, and thyroid. The disease is referred to as Mikulicz disease, autoimmune pancreatitis, retroperitoneal fibrosis, and Riedel thyroiditis, depending on the affected tissues.
A large team of Immunologists and Hematologists at the Kanazawa Medical University (Uchinada-machi, Japan) obtained sera from patients with IgG4-related disease receiving treatments. All patients had serum IgG4 levels ≥135 mg/dL and tissue IgG4/IgG ratios ≥40%, thereby satisfying the diagnostic criteria for IgG4-related disease. The control serum samples were collected from 13 healthy male volunteers (54–64 years old, median age of 59 years old).
Serum proteins from patients with IgG4-related disease and healthy subjects were resolved using two-dimensional electrophoresis, silver-stained, and scanned. Alternatively, the proteins were labeled with Cy2, Cy3, and Cy5 before electrophoresis. The proteins, whose expression differed significantly between patients and healthy individuals, and between before and after steroid treatment, were identified and validated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.
The team used enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits for detecting human alpha-1 antitrypsin (A1AT, Immunology Consultants Laboratory, Inc. (Portland, OR, USA), clusterin (BioVender Research and Diagnostic Products, Brno, Czech Republic), and leucine rich α-2-glycoprotein (LRG-1) (Immuno-Biological Laboratories Co., Ltd, Fujioka-Shi, Japan). Pretreatment of the serum samples with ProteoMiner and the serum proteins were processed using a ProteoMiner Small-Capacity Kit (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA, USA).
The investigators reported that pre-treatment sera from patients with IgG4-related disease was characterized by increased levels of immunoglobulins such as IgG1, IgG4; inflammatory factors such as α-1 antitrypsin (A1AT); and proteins associated with immune system regulation such as clusterin and leucine-rich α-2-glycoprotein (LRG-1). The serum levels of A1AT, LRG-1 and clusterin, during treatment with prednisolone for up to 12 months revealed that LRG-1 levels were halved after one month of treatment, comparable to those in healthy subjects; LRG-1 levels remained normal until the end of treatment.
The authors concluded that A1AT, LRG-1, and clusterin could be involved in the pathogenesis of IgG4-related disease, and their serum levels could reflect the disease state. In particular, LRG-1 could serve as a novel biomarker for the diagnosis and treatment of IgG4-related disease. The study was published on August 25, 2021 in the journal Clinica Chimica Acta.
Related Links:
Kanazawa Medical University
Immunology Consultants Laboratory
BioVender Research and Diagnostic Products
Immuno-Biological Laboratories
Bio-Rad
The pathology of IgG4-related disease cannot be explained based only on the change in a single gene or a protein. Organs affected by this disease are distributed throughout the body, including the lacrimal/salivary glands, pancreas, retroperitoneum, and thyroid. The disease is referred to as Mikulicz disease, autoimmune pancreatitis, retroperitoneal fibrosis, and Riedel thyroiditis, depending on the affected tissues.
A large team of Immunologists and Hematologists at the Kanazawa Medical University (Uchinada-machi, Japan) obtained sera from patients with IgG4-related disease receiving treatments. All patients had serum IgG4 levels ≥135 mg/dL and tissue IgG4/IgG ratios ≥40%, thereby satisfying the diagnostic criteria for IgG4-related disease. The control serum samples were collected from 13 healthy male volunteers (54–64 years old, median age of 59 years old).
Serum proteins from patients with IgG4-related disease and healthy subjects were resolved using two-dimensional electrophoresis, silver-stained, and scanned. Alternatively, the proteins were labeled with Cy2, Cy3, and Cy5 before electrophoresis. The proteins, whose expression differed significantly between patients and healthy individuals, and between before and after steroid treatment, were identified and validated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.
The team used enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits for detecting human alpha-1 antitrypsin (A1AT, Immunology Consultants Laboratory, Inc. (Portland, OR, USA), clusterin (BioVender Research and Diagnostic Products, Brno, Czech Republic), and leucine rich α-2-glycoprotein (LRG-1) (Immuno-Biological Laboratories Co., Ltd, Fujioka-Shi, Japan). Pretreatment of the serum samples with ProteoMiner and the serum proteins were processed using a ProteoMiner Small-Capacity Kit (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA, USA).
The investigators reported that pre-treatment sera from patients with IgG4-related disease was characterized by increased levels of immunoglobulins such as IgG1, IgG4; inflammatory factors such as α-1 antitrypsin (A1AT); and proteins associated with immune system regulation such as clusterin and leucine-rich α-2-glycoprotein (LRG-1). The serum levels of A1AT, LRG-1 and clusterin, during treatment with prednisolone for up to 12 months revealed that LRG-1 levels were halved after one month of treatment, comparable to those in healthy subjects; LRG-1 levels remained normal until the end of treatment.
The authors concluded that A1AT, LRG-1, and clusterin could be involved in the pathogenesis of IgG4-related disease, and their serum levels could reflect the disease state. In particular, LRG-1 could serve as a novel biomarker for the diagnosis and treatment of IgG4-related disease. The study was published on August 25, 2021 in the journal Clinica Chimica Acta.
Related Links:
Kanazawa Medical University
Immunology Consultants Laboratory
BioVender Research and Diagnostic Products
Immuno-Biological Laboratories
Bio-Rad
Gold Member
Troponin T QC
Troponin T Quality Control
New
Silver Member
ACTH Assay
ACTH ELISA
New
Respiratory Bacterial Panel
Real Respiratory Bacterial Panel 2
Latest Immunology News
- Stem Cell Test Predicts Treatment Outcome for Patients with Platinum-Resistant Ovarian Cancer
- Machine Learning-Enabled Blood Test Predicts Immunotherapy Response in Lymphoma Patients
- Post-Treatment Blood Test Could Inform Future Cancer Therapy Decisions
- Cerebrospinal Fluid Test Predicts Dangerous Side Effect of Cancer Treatment
- New Test Measures Preterm Infant Immunity Using Only Two Drops of Blood
- Simple Blood Test Could Help Choose Better Treatments for Patients with Recurrent Endometrial Cancer
- Novel Analytical Method Tracks Progression of Autoimmune Diseases
- 3D Bioprinted Gastric Cancer Model Uses Patient-Derived Tissue Fragments to Predict Drug Response
- Blood Test for Fungal Infections Could End Invasive Tissue Biopsies
- Cutting-Edge Microscopy Technology Enables Tailored Rheumatology Therapies
- New Discovery in Blood Immune Cells Paves Way for Parkinson's Disease Diagnostic Test
- AI Tool Uses Routine Blood Tests to Predict Immunotherapy Response for Various Cancers
- Blood Test Can Predict How Long Vaccine Immunity Will Last
- Microfluidic Chip-Based Device to Measure Viral Immunity
- Simple Blood Test Could Detect Drug Resistance in Ovarian Cancer Patients
Channels
Clinical Chemistry
view channel
Carbon Nanotubes Help Build Highly Accurate Sensors for Continuous Health Monitoring
Current sensors can measure various health indicators, such as blood glucose levels, in the body. However, there is a need to develop more accurate and sensitive sensor materials that can detect lower... Read more
Paper-Based Device Boosts HIV Test Accuracy from Dried Blood Samples
In regions where access to clinics for routine blood tests presents financial and logistical obstacles, HIV patients are increasingly able to collect and send a drop of blood using paper-based devices... Read more
Molecular Diagnostics
view channel
RNA-Based Blood Test Detects Preeclampsia Risk Months Before Symptoms
Preeclampsia remains a major cause of maternal morbidity and mortality, as well as preterm births. Despite current guidelines that aim to identify pregnant women at increased risk of preeclampsia using... Read more
First Of Its Kind Test Uses microRNAs to Predict Toxicity from Cancer Therapy
Many men with early-stage prostate cancer receive stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT), a highly precise form of radiation treatment that is completed in just five sessions. Compared to traditional radiation,... Read more
Novel Cell-Based Assay Provides Sensitive and Specific Autoantibody Detection in Demyelination
Anti-myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) antibodies serve as markers for an autoimmune demyelinating disorder that affects the peripheral nervous system, leading to sensory impairment. Anti-MAG-IgM antibodies... Read more
Hematology
view channel
New Scoring System Predicts Risk of Developing Cancer from Common Blood Disorder
Clonal cytopenia of undetermined significance (CCUS) is a blood disorder commonly found in older adults, characterized by mutations in blood cells and a low blood count, but without any obvious cause or... Read more
Non-Invasive Prenatal Test for Fetal RhD Status Demonstrates 100% Accuracy
In the United States, approximately 15% of pregnant individuals are RhD-negative. However, in about 40% of these cases, the fetus is also RhD-negative, making the administration of RhoGAM unnecessary.... Read more
Microbiology
view channel
Handheld Device Deliver Low-Cost TB Results in Less Than One Hour
Tuberculosis (TB) remains the deadliest infectious disease globally, affecting an estimated 10 million people annually. In 2021, about 4.2 million TB cases went undiagnosed or unreported, mainly due to... Read more
New AI-Based Method Improves Diagnosis of Drug-Resistant Infections
Drug-resistant infections, particularly those caused by deadly bacteria like tuberculosis and staphylococcus, are rapidly emerging as a global health emergency. These infections are more difficult to treat,... Read more
Breakthrough Diagnostic Technology Identifies Bacterial Infections with Almost 100% Accuracy within Three Hours
Rapid and precise identification of pathogenic microbes in patient samples is essential for the effective treatment of acute infectious diseases, such as sepsis. The fluorescence in situ hybridization... Read more
Pathology
view channel
Advanced Imaging Reveals Mechanisms Causing Autoimmune Disease
Myasthenia gravis, an autoimmune disease, leads to muscle weakness that can affect a range of muscles, including those needed for basic actions like blinking, smiling, or moving. Researchers have long... Read more
AI Model Effectively Predicts Patient Outcomes in Common Lung Cancer Type
Lung adenocarcinoma, the most common form of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), typically adopts one of six distinct growth patterns, often combining multiple patterns within a single tumor.... Read more
Technology
view channel
Pain-On-A-Chip Microfluidic Device Determines Types of Chronic Pain from Blood Samples
Chronic pain is a widespread condition that remains difficult to manage, and existing clinical methods for its treatment rely largely on self-reporting, which can be subjective and especially problematic... Read more
Innovative, Label-Free Ratiometric Fluorosensor Enables More Sensitive Viral RNA Detection
Viruses present a major global health risk, as demonstrated by recent pandemics, making early detection and identification essential for preventing new outbreaks. While traditional detection methods are... Read more
Industry
view channel
Cepheid and Oxford Nanopore Technologies Partner on Advancing Automated Sequencing-Based Solutions
Cepheid (Sunnyvale, CA, USA), a leading molecular diagnostics company, and Oxford Nanopore Technologies (Oxford, UK), the company behind a new generation of sequencing-based molecular analysis technologies,... Read more
Grifols and Tecan’s IBL Collaborate on Advanced Biomarker Panels
Grifols (Barcelona, Spain), one of the world’s leading producers of plasma-derived medicines and innovative diagnostic solutions, is expanding its offer in clinical diagnostics through a strategic partnership... Read more
