为乙肝设计的简易血检
|
By LabMedica International staff writers Posted on 07 Aug 2018 |

病毒性肝炎是全球性的重大健康问题,估算表明,2013年乙肝造成全球145万例病毒性肝炎相关死亡中的一半左右。
研究人员设计了一项便宜的简易血检,可广泛用于中低收入国家,有助于确定哪些乙肝病人需要立即治疗。这款平价检验产品的原理是测量乙肝病毒e抗原(HBeAg)以及肝脏内丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)的水平,以得到一个诊断分值。
法国巴黎的巴斯德研究所(www.pasteur.fr)率领一个国际科学家小组,对冈比亚804例慢性乙肝病毒感染进行逐步逻辑回归分析,得出了一个表示治疗资格的分值。他们随后用外部的327例乙肝病毒感染,有些是来自塞内加尔和布基纳法索的非洲人,有些来自欧洲。科研小组开发并确证了一个称为TREAT-B(非洲乙肝病毒治疗资格)的诊断分值,它依托中低收入国家本地实验室十分普遍的简易血检,不依赖于乙肝病毒DNA、肝化验或无创肝纤维化诊断(Fibroscan)。
对HBsAg阳性的受试者进行了标准化的临床分期,包括空腹瞬时弹性成像、腹部超声成像、血检(瑞典Boule Medical公司的麦道尼克;www.boule.com)、生化检验(美国新泽西州Raritan市Ortho公司的VITROS 350分析仪;www.orthoclinicaldiagnostics.com)、乙肝病毒e抗原(HBeAg; 意大利萨卢贾Diasorin公司的ETI-EBK Plus;www.diasorin.com)以及用研究所自制的实时聚合酶链反应检测乙肝病毒DNA,检测限是50 IU/毫升。
科研小组报道,几个参数中的两个仍保留在最终模型里,即乙肝病毒e抗原(HBeAg)和ALT水平,组成一个简单的分值(非洲乙肝病毒治疗资格:TREAT-B)。确证数据集的分值在接受者操作特征曲线下呈现高面积(0.85, 95% CI 0.79–0.91)。分值为2及以上(HBeAg阳性且ALT ≥20 U/升或HBeAg阴性且ALT ≥40 U/升)判断治疗资格的灵敏度与特异性分别为85%和77%。世界卫生组织基于天冬氨酸转氨酶与血小板比率(APRI)以及ALT确定的灵敏度与特异性分别为90%和40%。
该研究的论文发表于2018年7月1日的《肝病杂志》(Journal of Hepatology)。作者总结说,TREAT-B代表着简单便宜的诊断分值,前景诱人,能帮助非洲的医生轻松识别哪些乙肝病毒感染者需要治疗。它有利于中低收入国家升级乙肝治疗项目并去中心化,也许有助于全世界消灭乙肝病毒。中低收入国家广泛开展ALT与HBeAg的测量,二者的总成本不到10美元,比常规检验的成本低得多。
巴斯德研究所>>> www.pasteur.fr
Boule Medical股份有限公司>>> www.boule.com
Ortho >>> www.orthoclinicaldiagnostics.com
Diasorin >>> www.diasorin.com
Latest 血液学 News
Channels
Clinical Chemistry
view channel
New PSA-Based Prognostic Model Improves Prostate Cancer Risk Assessment
Prostate cancer is the second-leading cause of cancer death among American men, and about one in eight will be diagnosed in their lifetime. Screening relies on blood levels of prostate-specific antigen... Read more
Extracellular Vesicles Linked to Heart Failure Risk in CKD Patients
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects more than 1 in 7 Americans and is strongly associated with cardiovascular complications, which account for more than half of deaths among people with CKD.... Read moreMolecular Diagnostics
view channel
Diagnostic Device Predicts Treatment Response for Brain Tumors Via Blood Test
Glioblastoma is one of the deadliest forms of brain cancer, largely because doctors have no reliable way to determine whether treatments are working in real time. Assessing therapeutic response currently... Read more
Blood Test Detects Early-Stage Cancers by Measuring Epigenetic Instability
Early-stage cancers are notoriously difficult to detect because molecular changes are subtle and often missed by existing screening tools. Many liquid biopsies rely on measuring absolute DNA methylation... Read more
“Lab-On-A-Disc” Device Paves Way for More Automated Liquid Biopsies
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are tiny particles released by cells into the bloodstream that carry molecular information about a cell’s condition, including whether it is cancerous. However, EVs are highly... Read more
Blood Test Identifies Inflammatory Breast Cancer Patients at Increased Risk of Brain Metastasis
Brain metastasis is a frequent and devastating complication in patients with inflammatory breast cancer, an aggressive subtype with limited treatment options. Despite its high incidence, the biological... Read moreHematology
view channel
New Guidelines Aim to Improve AL Amyloidosis Diagnosis
Light chain (AL) amyloidosis is a rare, life-threatening bone marrow disorder in which abnormal amyloid proteins accumulate in organs. Approximately 3,260 people in the United States are diagnosed... Read more
Fast and Easy Test Could Revolutionize Blood Transfusions
Blood transfusions are a cornerstone of modern medicine, yet red blood cells can deteriorate quietly while sitting in cold storage for weeks. Although blood units have a fixed expiration date, cells from... Read more
Automated Hemostasis System Helps Labs of All Sizes Optimize Workflow
High-volume hemostasis sections must sustain rapid turnaround while managing reruns and reflex testing. Manual tube handling and preanalytical checks can strain staff time and increase opportunities for error.... Read more
High-Sensitivity Blood Test Improves Assessment of Clotting Risk in Heart Disease Patients
Blood clotting is essential for preventing bleeding, but even small imbalances can lead to serious conditions such as thrombosis or dangerous hemorrhage. In cardiovascular disease, clinicians often struggle... Read moreImmunology
view channelBlood Test Identifies Lung Cancer Patients Who Can Benefit from Immunotherapy Drug
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an aggressive disease with limited treatment options, and even newly approved immunotherapies do not benefit all patients. While immunotherapy can extend survival for some,... Read more
Whole-Genome Sequencing Approach Identifies Cancer Patients Benefitting From PARP-Inhibitor Treatment
Targeted cancer therapies such as PARP inhibitors can be highly effective, but only for patients whose tumors carry specific DNA repair defects. Identifying these patients accurately remains challenging,... Read more
Ultrasensitive Liquid Biopsy Demonstrates Efficacy in Predicting Immunotherapy Response
Immunotherapy has transformed cancer treatment, but only a small proportion of patients experience lasting benefit, with response rates often remaining between 10% and 20%. Clinicians currently lack reliable... Read moreMicrobiology
view channel
Comprehensive Review Identifies Gut Microbiome Signatures Associated With Alzheimer’s Disease
Alzheimer’s disease affects approximately 6.7 million people in the United States and nearly 50 million worldwide, yet early cognitive decline remains difficult to characterize. Increasing evidence suggests... Read moreAI-Powered Platform Enables Rapid Detection of Drug-Resistant C. Auris Pathogens
Infections caused by the pathogenic yeast Candida auris pose a significant threat to hospitalized patients, particularly those with weakened immune systems or those who have invasive medical devices.... Read morePathology
view channel
Engineered Yeast Cells Enable Rapid Testing of Cancer Immunotherapy
Developing new cancer immunotherapies is a slow, costly, and high-risk process, particularly for CAR T cell treatments that must precisely recognize cancer-specific antigens. Small differences in tumor... Read more
First-Of-Its-Kind Test Identifies Autism Risk at Birth
Autism spectrum disorder is treatable, and extensive research shows that early intervention can significantly improve cognitive, social, and behavioral outcomes. Yet in the United States, the average age... Read moreTechnology
view channel
Robotic Technology Unveiled for Automated Diagnostic Blood Draws
Routine diagnostic blood collection is a high‑volume task that can strain staffing and introduce human‑dependent variability, with downstream implications for sample quality and patient experience.... Read more
ADLM Launches First-of-Its-Kind Data Science Program for Laboratory Medicine Professionals
Clinical laboratories generate billions of test results each year, creating a treasure trove of data with the potential to support more personalized testing, improve operational efficiency, and enhance patient care.... Read moreAptamer Biosensor Technology to Transform Virus Detection
Rapid and reliable virus detection is essential for controlling outbreaks, from seasonal influenza to global pandemics such as COVID-19. Conventional diagnostic methods, including cell culture, antigen... Read more
AI Models Could Predict Pre-Eclampsia and Anemia Earlier Using Routine Blood Tests
Pre-eclampsia and anemia are major contributors to maternal and child mortality worldwide, together accounting for more than half a million deaths each year and leaving millions with long-term health complications.... Read moreIndustry
view channelNew Collaboration Brings Automated Mass Spectrometry to Routine Laboratory Testing
Mass spectrometry is a powerful analytical technique that identifies and quantifies molecules based on their mass and electrical charge. Its high selectivity, sensitivity, and accuracy make it indispensable... Read more
AI-Powered Cervical Cancer Test Set for Major Rollout in Latin America
Noul Co., a Korean company specializing in AI-based blood and cancer diagnostics, announced it will supply its intelligence (AI)-based miLab CER cervical cancer diagnostic solution to Mexico under a multi‑year... Read more
Diasorin and Fisher Scientific Enter into US Distribution Agreement for Molecular POC Platform
Diasorin (Saluggia, Italy) has entered into an exclusive distribution agreement with Fisher Scientific, part of Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA, USA), for the LIAISON NES molecular point-of-care... Read more







