寨卡病毒快速检验产品采用智能手机技术
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By LabMedica International staff writers Posted on 01 Aug 2018 |
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图片：用铂-纳米马达和一部手机对寨卡病毒进行基于运动的免疫检测（图片蒙布莱根妇女医院惠赐）。
如果孕妇怀孕期间感染寨卡病毒，那么病毒会持续导致婴儿的头小畸形及其它神经系统并发症，这仍是公共卫生的一个老大难问题。
传统的病毒诊断依赖于检测人血流中针对寨卡病毒的抗体。然而，包括登革病毒在内的许多密切相关的病毒会激发相似的抗体，从而推高假阳性率。
美国马萨诸塞州波士顿市布莱根妇女医院(www.brighamandwomens.org)的研究人员及其同行开发了一种新方法，用移动医疗技术快速准确地诊断寨卡病毒，有望部署在资源受限的场合。科研小组利用纳米技术，并开发了靶向寨卡病毒的微小铂纳米粒子以及与病毒结合的磁珠。把两种成分加入含寨卡病毒的样本时，它们形成一种三维复合体，如果存在过氧化氢(H2O2)，复合体就会移动。用连接光学器件的智能手机就能检测到这种运动，光学器件的成本是5美元。
检验样本中如果存在病毒，磁珠表面就会积累铂(Pt)-纳米马达，从而在H2O2溶液里移动。然后根据磁珠运动的变化检测病毒浓度。研制的这款基于纳米马达的磁珠运动手机(NBC)系统能够检测样本中的寨卡病毒(ZIKV)，病毒浓度的检测限低至1粒/微升。即使存在密切相关的登革病毒及其它嗜神经病毒，如1型单纯疱疹病毒和人类巨细胞病毒，NBC系统也能高度特异地检测寨卡病毒。
该研究的论文发表于2018年5月16日《ACS Nano》杂志的网络版。第一作者、博士后研究员Mohamed Shehata Draz博士说：“NBC系统有望用于护理点检测疾病，适用于发达国家和发展中国家。这个重要方法能消除寨卡病毒感染带来的社会焦虑，尤其是与新生儿相关的健康问题。
布莱根妇女医院>>> www.brighamandwomens.org
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