研究发现早期肺癌的蛋白生物标志物
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By LabMedica International staff writers Posted on 05 Jun 2018 |
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图片：Genepix 4000B微阵列扫描仪（图片蒙分子器件公司惠赐）。
美国癌症学会(ACS)估计，2018年美国有154,050人将死于肺癌，世界卫生组织(WHO)表示，全世界有169万例肺癌死亡。
大多数肺癌初次确诊时已到晚期，所以肺癌与预后不良相关，是世界范围内癌症相关死亡的首要原因。因此，在可行切除术的早期阶段发现癌症患者极端重要。
日本神奈川县北里大学联合医学科学学院(www.kitasato-u.ac.jp)的科学家获得了冷冻的新鲜肺癌组织，并在用于蛋白质组学分析前储藏在-80 °C下。用271名肺癌患者和100名健康对照的血清作为训练集。此外，验证集包括100名肺癌患者和38名健康对照的血清。
科研小组开发了单克隆抗体来确证他们的研究。他们还进行了免疫印迹分析，用美国马萨诸塞州伯灵顿市默克公司(www.merckmillipore.com)的Immobilon Western化学发光HRP底物检测膜上的免疫反应带，再用日本东京ATTO公司(www.atto.co.jp)的Cool Saver系统捕获免疫反应带。科研小组还进行了免疫组化染色，在美国加利福尼亚州森尼韦尔市分子器件公司(www.moleculardevices.com)的Genepix 4000B微阵列扫描仪上扫描染色后的涂片，做反相蛋白质阵列(RPPA)分析。
在生成的单克隆抗体中，一种命名为KU-Lu-1的抗体识别出细胞骨架相关蛋白4 (CKAP4)。肺癌细胞和组织中检测到CKAP4，还证实它排入培养液的上清液。肺癌患者血清中的CKAP4水平显著高于健康对照者。再者，I期腺癌或鳞状细胞癌患者血清中的CKAP4水平也高于健康对照者。血清CKAP4水平也许能区分肺癌患者与健康对照者，可以在早期检测到，甚至是I期非小细胞肺癌患者。验证集肺癌患者血清中的CKAP4水平也显著高于健康对照者。
该研究的论文发表于2018年5月8日的《美国病理学杂志》(The American Journal of Pathology)。资深作者、分子诊断学教授佐藤裕一博士说：“用CKAP4作为生物标志物能改变对肺癌患者的现行治疗惯例，联用CKAP4与常规标志物也许能明显提高诊断准确度。”
北里大学联合医学科学学院>>> www.kitasato-u.ac.jp
默克 >>> www.merckmillipore.com
ATTO >>> www.atto.co.jp
分子器件公司>>> www.moleculardevices.com
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