新型蛋白质分析工具提高了诊断准确度
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By LabMedica International staff writers Posted on 04 Jun 2018 |
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图片：与OpenMS和行业标准MaxQuant相比，IonStar将检验结果中缺失数据的数量从17%降到了0.1%。白色区域表示缺失数据（图片蒙Jun Qu教授惠赐）
体内大量蛋白质对应于疾病或药物反应，它们为医生准确诊断病症以及开发可能的疗法和评估药效提供了重要线索。
蛋白分析工具用于量化蛋白质丰度和比较健康人与病人或接受药疗者的蛋白质丰度。如果一起分析蛋白质丰度的变化，常能揭示新的生物标志物。
美国纽约州布法罗大学(www.buffalo.edu)的科学家及其同行研制了一种新型的蛋白分析工具，能极大提高分析疾病和药效的速度与精度。这件突破性的工具名为IonStar，当量化与比较健康人与病人体内的蛋白质丰度时首次达到了近乎完美的准确度。
科研小组用IonStar量化创伤性脑损伤大鼠的蛋白质，创伤性脑损伤是一种伤及元气的病症，美国每年因此导致220万例急诊室就诊。IonStar利用100份组织样本鉴定了7,000种蛋白质，未缺失数据，其中1,000种蛋白质的丰度不同。科研小组已经用IonStar与类似的技术分析过患癌症、糖尿病、心血管疾病、神经退行和视网膜退化时的蛋白变异。IonStar改进了样本制备方法、对齐和质谱分析的特征检测设计，从而提高了准度与精度，减少了数据缺失。
IonStar还有几项独特功能，可清除共有的肽，检测和排除异体蛋白，并通过实验估计和控制错误变异蛋白发现率(FADR)。这一充分优化的预案能够全局量化5,000多种蛋白质，可重复约50次，量化准度和精度高，数据缺失极少。此外还能实现广泛的蛋白质组覆盖，并更好地量化低丰度蛋白。
该研究的论文发表于2018年5月9日的《美国国家科学院院报》(Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences)杂志。首席研究员、布法罗大学制药与药物科学系教授Jun Qu博士说：“IonStar将完全改变临床研究与制药研究以及产业的面貌，大规模研究对这些领域往往至关重要。例如，在临床实验中，比较几个病人无济于事。如果能用高质量数据分析大量患者，就能更准确可靠地发现并追踪生物标志物。药学研究也是如此。”
布法罗大学>>> www.buffalo.edu
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