比较慢性鼻窦炎的微生物特征
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By LabMedica International staff writers Posted on 29 May 2018 |

图片:金黄色葡萄球菌的寄生地和形态(图片蒙Sagar Aryal惠赐)。
根据鼻炎和慢性鼻窦炎(CRS)症状的严重程度和持续时间、特应性状态、控制水平、共病以及慢性鼻窦炎是否存在鼻息肉,可分为不同的表现型。
科学家比较了有鼻息肉慢性鼻窦炎(CRSwNP)患者以及无鼻息肉慢性鼻窦炎(CRSsNP)患者与对照者的中鼻道样本的微生物特征。
北京同仁医院(www.trhos.com)的耳鼻喉专家共招募了136名CRSwNP患者、66名CRSsNP患者和49名对照者,他们在2014年1月至2016年1月期间接受了内窥镜手术。手术过程中从中鼻道内采集拭子样本,然后处理,检查是否存在需氧和非需氧的细菌和真菌。收集了过敏性鼻炎、哮喘、外周血中嗜酸性粒细胞百分比以及吸烟史和手术史的信息。
科学家报道,三组人的细菌总体隔离率是81.3%,CRSsNP组最低(77.3%),CRSwNP组最高(88.4%)。CRSwNP组三种最常见的细菌是:凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌(24.3%)、棒状杆菌(19.9%)和表皮葡萄球菌(19.1%);CRSsNP组最常见的细菌是:表皮葡萄球菌(21.2%)、棒状杆菌(21.2%)、凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌(18.2%)和金黄色葡萄球菌(13.6%)。对照组三种最常见的细菌是:表皮葡萄球菌(30.6%)、凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌(28.6%)和金黄色葡萄球菌(14.3%)。对于分离率高的细菌品种来说,未观察到三组的微生物培养物有显著差异;而在CRSwNP组内观察到柠檬酸杆菌比例(5.9%,一种低分离率细菌)高于CRSsNP组和对照组,他们都呈阴性。
该研究的论文发表于2018年3月22日的《欧洲耳鼻喉科档案》(European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology)杂志。作者总结说,CRSwNP患者、CRSsNP患者和对照者中鼻道样本的微生物特征没有显著差异(柠檬酸杆菌除外)。金黄色葡萄球菌也许会刺激嗜酸性粒细胞的炎性反应。
北京同仁医院>>> www.trhos.com
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