血检能预测肺癌的最佳治疗
|
By LabMedica International staff writers Posted on 04 Jan 2017 |
|
图片：两个肺癌细胞的扫描电镜彩色显微图像(SEM)（图片蒙英国癌症研究所的Anne Weston惠赐）。
一项血检能预测小细胞肺癌(SCLC)患者的治疗效果有多好。小细胞肺癌是一种能转移的侵犯性疾病，大多数患者起初对化疗敏感，然后对化疗产生耐受从而导致疾病复发。
然而，少数小细胞肺癌患者初次治疗后的三个月内就复发；这种情况定义为化疗不应。区分化疗敏感与化疗不应的分子机制目前尚不得而知。
英国曼彻斯特大学曼彻斯特癌症研究所的科学家检查了经过预处理的SCLC血样中循环肿瘤细胞(CTC)的拷贝数异常(CNA)，以确定区分化疗敏感与化疗不应的基因特征。分析了从13名患者身上分离的88个CTC（训练集）后，他们生成了基于CNA的分类器，用另外18名患者（测试集，112份CTC样本）和SCLC患者身上得到的6例CTC外植肿瘤进行确证。
分类器将83.3%的病例正确归类为化学不应或化学敏感。进而观察到基线CNA分类器所判定的化疗不应患者与化疗敏感患者的无进展生存率(PFS)明显不同。值得注意的是，一开始对化疗敏感的5名患者后来复发时得到的CTC CNA特征值没变成化疗不应的CNA特征值，说明其初始化疗耐受的基因基础有别于本身获得的化疗耐受。
该研究的论文发表于2016年11月21日的《自然》杂志《医学》分册。领衔作者Caroline Dive博士说：“我们的研究显示如何用血样预测肺癌患者的治疗效果。遗憾的是，小细胞肺癌患者可选的治疗方案很少，而对化疗产生耐受的患者则更是无从选择。我们既然发现了不同患者基因缺陷模式的差异，就可以从这里开始着手理解这一侵染性肺癌的患者是如何产生耐药性的。”
Related Links:
英国曼彻斯特癌症研究所
然而，少数小细胞肺癌患者初次治疗后的三个月内就复发；这种情况定义为化疗不应。区分化疗敏感与化疗不应的分子机制目前尚不得而知。
英国曼彻斯特大学曼彻斯特癌症研究所的科学家检查了经过预处理的SCLC血样中循环肿瘤细胞(CTC)的拷贝数异常(CNA)，以确定区分化疗敏感与化疗不应的基因特征。分析了从13名患者身上分离的88个CTC（训练集）后，他们生成了基于CNA的分类器，用另外18名患者（测试集，112份CTC样本）和SCLC患者身上得到的6例CTC外植肿瘤进行确证。
分类器将83.3%的病例正确归类为化学不应或化学敏感。进而观察到基线CNA分类器所判定的化疗不应患者与化疗敏感患者的无进展生存率(PFS)明显不同。值得注意的是，一开始对化疗敏感的5名患者后来复发时得到的CTC CNA特征值没变成化疗不应的CNA特征值，说明其初始化疗耐受的基因基础有别于本身获得的化疗耐受。
该研究的论文发表于2016年11月21日的《自然》杂志《医学》分册。领衔作者Caroline Dive博士说：“我们的研究显示如何用血样预测肺癌患者的治疗效果。遗憾的是，小细胞肺癌患者可选的治疗方案很少，而对化疗产生耐受的患者则更是无从选择。我们既然发现了不同患者基因缺陷模式的差异，就可以从这里开始着手理解这一侵染性肺癌的患者是如何产生耐药性的。”
Related Links:
英国曼彻斯特癌症研究所
Gold Member
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Test
OSOM® RSV Test
Autoimmune Liver Diseases Assay
Microblot-Array Liver Profile Kit
6 Part Hematology Analyzer with RET + IPF
Mispa HX 88
Latest 血液学 News
Channels
Clinical Chemistry
view channel
New PSA-Based Prognostic Model Improves Prostate Cancer Risk Assessment
Prostate cancer is the second-leading cause of cancer death among American men, and about one in eight will be diagnosed in their lifetime. Screening relies on blood levels of prostate-specific antigen... Read more
Extracellular Vesicles Linked to Heart Failure Risk in CKD Patients
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects more than 1 in 7 Americans and is strongly associated with cardiovascular complications, which account for more than half of deaths among people with CKD.... Read more
Molecular Diagnostics
view channel
Diagnostic Device Predicts Treatment Response for Brain Tumors Via Blood Test
Glioblastoma is one of the deadliest forms of brain cancer, largely because doctors have no reliable way to determine whether treatments are working in real time. Assessing therapeutic response currently... Read more
Blood Test Detects Early-Stage Cancers by Measuring Epigenetic Instability
Early-stage cancers are notoriously difficult to detect because molecular changes are subtle and often missed by existing screening tools. Many liquid biopsies rely on measuring absolute DNA methylation... Read more
“Lab-On-A-Disc” Device Paves Way for More Automated Liquid Biopsies
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are tiny particles released by cells into the bloodstream that carry molecular information about a cell’s condition, including whether it is cancerous. However, EVs are highly... Read more
Blood Test Identifies Inflammatory Breast Cancer Patients at Increased Risk of Brain Metastasis
Brain metastasis is a frequent and devastating complication in patients with inflammatory breast cancer, an aggressive subtype with limited treatment options. Despite its high incidence, the biological... Read moreHematology
view channel
New Guidelines Aim to Improve AL Amyloidosis Diagnosis
Light chain (AL) amyloidosis is a rare, life-threatening bone marrow disorder in which abnormal amyloid proteins accumulate in organs. Approximately 3,260 people in the United States are diagnosed... Read more
Fast and Easy Test Could Revolutionize Blood Transfusions
Blood transfusions are a cornerstone of modern medicine, yet red blood cells can deteriorate quietly while sitting in cold storage for weeks. Although blood units have a fixed expiration date, cells from... Read more
Automated Hemostasis System Helps Labs of All Sizes Optimize Workflow
High-volume hemostasis sections must sustain rapid turnaround while managing reruns and reflex testing. Manual tube handling and preanalytical checks can strain staff time and increase opportunities for error.... Read more
High-Sensitivity Blood Test Improves Assessment of Clotting Risk in Heart Disease Patients
Blood clotting is essential for preventing bleeding, but even small imbalances can lead to serious conditions such as thrombosis or dangerous hemorrhage. In cardiovascular disease, clinicians often struggle... Read moreImmunology
view channel
Blood Test Identifies Lung Cancer Patients Who Can Benefit from Immunotherapy Drug
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an aggressive disease with limited treatment options, and even newly approved immunotherapies do not benefit all patients. While immunotherapy can extend survival for some,... Read more
Whole-Genome Sequencing Approach Identifies Cancer Patients Benefitting From PARP-Inhibitor Treatment
Targeted cancer therapies such as PARP inhibitors can be highly effective, but only for patients whose tumors carry specific DNA repair defects. Identifying these patients accurately remains challenging,... Read more
Ultrasensitive Liquid Biopsy Demonstrates Efficacy in Predicting Immunotherapy Response
Immunotherapy has transformed cancer treatment, but only a small proportion of patients experience lasting benefit, with response rates often remaining between 10% and 20%. Clinicians currently lack reliable... Read more
Microbiology
view channel
Comprehensive Review Identifies Gut Microbiome Signatures Associated With Alzheimer’s Disease
Alzheimer’s disease affects approximately 6.7 million people in the United States and nearly 50 million worldwide, yet early cognitive decline remains difficult to characterize. Increasing evidence suggests... Read more
AI-Powered Platform Enables Rapid Detection of Drug-Resistant C. Auris Pathogens
Infections caused by the pathogenic yeast Candida auris pose a significant threat to hospitalized patients, particularly those with weakened immune systems or those who have invasive medical devices.... Read more
Pathology
view channel
Engineered Yeast Cells Enable Rapid Testing of Cancer Immunotherapy
Developing new cancer immunotherapies is a slow, costly, and high-risk process, particularly for CAR T cell treatments that must precisely recognize cancer-specific antigens. Small differences in tumor... Read more
First-Of-Its-Kind Test Identifies Autism Risk at Birth
Autism spectrum disorder is treatable, and extensive research shows that early intervention can significantly improve cognitive, social, and behavioral outcomes. Yet in the United States, the average age... Read more
Technology
view channel
Robotic Technology Unveiled for Automated Diagnostic Blood Draws
Routine diagnostic blood collection is a high‑volume task that can strain staffing and introduce human‑dependent variability, with downstream implications for sample quality and patient experience.... Read more
ADLM Launches First-of-Its-Kind Data Science Program for Laboratory Medicine Professionals
Clinical laboratories generate billions of test results each year, creating a treasure trove of data with the potential to support more personalized testing, improve operational efficiency, and enhance patient care.... Read more
Aptamer Biosensor Technology to Transform Virus Detection
Rapid and reliable virus detection is essential for controlling outbreaks, from seasonal influenza to global pandemics such as COVID-19. Conventional diagnostic methods, including cell culture, antigen... Read more
AI Models Could Predict Pre-Eclampsia and Anemia Earlier Using Routine Blood Tests
Pre-eclampsia and anemia are major contributors to maternal and child mortality worldwide, together accounting for more than half a million deaths each year and leaving millions with long-term health complications.... Read moreIndustry
view channel
New Collaboration Brings Automated Mass Spectrometry to Routine Laboratory Testing
Mass spectrometry is a powerful analytical technique that identifies and quantifies molecules based on their mass and electrical charge. Its high selectivity, sensitivity, and accuracy make it indispensable... Read more
AI-Powered Cervical Cancer Test Set for Major Rollout in Latin America
Noul Co., a Korean company specializing in AI-based blood and cancer diagnostics, announced it will supply its intelligence (AI)-based miLab CER cervical cancer diagnostic solution to Mexico under a multi‑year... Read more
Diasorin and Fisher Scientific Enter into US Distribution Agreement for Molecular POC Platform
Diasorin (Saluggia, Italy) has entered into an exclusive distribution agreement with Fisher Scientific, part of Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA, USA), for the LIAISON NES molecular point-of-care... Read more