Monitoring ANCA Levels Helps Predict Relapse of Systemic Vasculitis in Patients with Kidney Involvement
|
By LabMedica International staff writers Posted on 28 Oct 2014 |
|
Image: Immunofluorescence staining pattern of ANCA using FITC conjugate demonstrates presence of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA). Top left - PR3 antibodies on ethanol-fixed neutrophils showing a cytoplasmic ANCA pattern. Bottom left - PR3 antibodies on formalin-fixed neutrophils showing a cytoplasmic ANCA pattern. Top right - MPO antibodies on ethanol-fixed neutrophils showing a perinuclear ANCA pattern. Bottom right - MPO antibodies on formalin-fixed neutrophils showing a cytoplasmic ANCA pattern (Photo courtesy of Wikimedia Commons).
Repeated measurement of levels of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) predicts likelihood of relapse in patients suffering from systemic vasculitis with kidney involvement.
Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies are a group of autoantibodies, mainly of the IgG type, against antigens in the cytoplasm of neutrophil granulocytes (the most common type of white blood cell) and monocytes. They are detected by a blood test in a number of autoimmune disorders, but are particularly associated with systemic vasculitis. The antibodies produced by patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis can damage blood vessels, and relapses of the disorder can cause severe and permanent damage to organs and other parts of the body.
Although the value of measuring ANCA during follow-up to predict a relapse has been controversial, investigators at Maastricht University (The Netherlands) postulated that measuring ANCA could be useful in patients with renal involvement but would be less valuable in patients with non-renal disease.
To test this theory, they monitored PR3-ANCA and MPO-ANCA levels in 166 consecutive patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis who were positive for either proteinase 3 (PR3)-ANCA or myeloperoxidase (MPO)-ANCA. Among the study group were 104 patients with kidney problems associated with the disease and 62 without.
During the follow-up period that averaged 49 months and included an average of 18 additional ANCA measurements, increase in ANCA levels was seen in 89 patients and 74 relapses were recorded. ANCA rises correlated with relapses in patients who presented with renal involvement but in comparison, associated only weakly with relapses in patients who presented with non-renal disease.
“By measuring ANCA levels in patients with kidney involvement, doctors can predict which patients are going to relapse. It is expected that by using ANCAs as a guideline, severe relapses necessitating dialysis can be prevented,” said senior author Dr. Jan Willem Cohen Tervaert, professor of medicine and immunology at Maastricht University.
The study was published in the October 16, 2014, online edition of the Journal of the American Society of Nephrology.
Related Links:
Maastricht University
Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies are a group of autoantibodies, mainly of the IgG type, against antigens in the cytoplasm of neutrophil granulocytes (the most common type of white blood cell) and monocytes. They are detected by a blood test in a number of autoimmune disorders, but are particularly associated with systemic vasculitis. The antibodies produced by patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis can damage blood vessels, and relapses of the disorder can cause severe and permanent damage to organs and other parts of the body.
Although the value of measuring ANCA during follow-up to predict a relapse has been controversial, investigators at Maastricht University (The Netherlands) postulated that measuring ANCA could be useful in patients with renal involvement but would be less valuable in patients with non-renal disease.
To test this theory, they monitored PR3-ANCA and MPO-ANCA levels in 166 consecutive patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis who were positive for either proteinase 3 (PR3)-ANCA or myeloperoxidase (MPO)-ANCA. Among the study group were 104 patients with kidney problems associated with the disease and 62 without.
During the follow-up period that averaged 49 months and included an average of 18 additional ANCA measurements, increase in ANCA levels was seen in 89 patients and 74 relapses were recorded. ANCA rises correlated with relapses in patients who presented with renal involvement but in comparison, associated only weakly with relapses in patients who presented with non-renal disease.
“By measuring ANCA levels in patients with kidney involvement, doctors can predict which patients are going to relapse. It is expected that by using ANCAs as a guideline, severe relapses necessitating dialysis can be prevented,” said senior author Dr. Jan Willem Cohen Tervaert, professor of medicine and immunology at Maastricht University.
The study was published in the October 16, 2014, online edition of the Journal of the American Society of Nephrology.
Related Links:
Maastricht University
Gold Member
Flocked Fiber Swabs
Puritan® Patented HydraFlock®
New
Immunofluorescence Analyzer
MPQuanti
New
Silver Member
Verification Panels for Assay Development & QC
Seroconversion Panels
Latest Immunology News
- Stem Cell Test Predicts Treatment Outcome for Patients with Platinum-Resistant Ovarian Cancer
- Machine Learning-Enabled Blood Test Predicts Immunotherapy Response in Lymphoma Patients
- Post-Treatment Blood Test Could Inform Future Cancer Therapy Decisions
- Cerebrospinal Fluid Test Predicts Dangerous Side Effect of Cancer Treatment
- New Test Measures Preterm Infant Immunity Using Only Two Drops of Blood
- Simple Blood Test Could Help Choose Better Treatments for Patients with Recurrent Endometrial Cancer
- Novel Analytical Method Tracks Progression of Autoimmune Diseases
- 3D Bioprinted Gastric Cancer Model Uses Patient-Derived Tissue Fragments to Predict Drug Response
- Blood Test for Fungal Infections Could End Invasive Tissue Biopsies
- Cutting-Edge Microscopy Technology Enables Tailored Rheumatology Therapies
- New Discovery in Blood Immune Cells Paves Way for Parkinson's Disease Diagnostic Test
- AI Tool Uses Routine Blood Tests to Predict Immunotherapy Response for Various Cancers
- Blood Test Can Predict How Long Vaccine Immunity Will Last
- Microfluidic Chip-Based Device to Measure Viral Immunity
- Simple Blood Test Could Detect Drug Resistance in Ovarian Cancer Patients
Channels
Clinical Chemistry
view channel
Carbon Nanotubes Help Build Highly Accurate Sensors for Continuous Health Monitoring
Current sensors can measure various health indicators, such as blood glucose levels, in the body. However, there is a need to develop more accurate and sensitive sensor materials that can detect lower... Read more
Paper-Based Device Boosts HIV Test Accuracy from Dried Blood Samples
In regions where access to clinics for routine blood tests presents financial and logistical obstacles, HIV patients are increasingly able to collect and send a drop of blood using paper-based devices... Read more
Molecular Diagnostics
view channel
RNA-Based Blood Test Detects Preeclampsia Risk Months Before Symptoms
Preeclampsia remains a major cause of maternal morbidity and mortality, as well as preterm births. Despite current guidelines that aim to identify pregnant women at increased risk of preeclampsia using... Read more
First Of Its Kind Test Uses microRNAs to Predict Toxicity from Cancer Therapy
Many men with early-stage prostate cancer receive stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT), a highly precise form of radiation treatment that is completed in just five sessions. Compared to traditional radiation,... Read more
Novel Cell-Based Assay Provides Sensitive and Specific Autoantibody Detection in Demyelination
Anti-myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) antibodies serve as markers for an autoimmune demyelinating disorder that affects the peripheral nervous system, leading to sensory impairment. Anti-MAG-IgM antibodies... Read more
Hematology
view channel
New Scoring System Predicts Risk of Developing Cancer from Common Blood Disorder
Clonal cytopenia of undetermined significance (CCUS) is a blood disorder commonly found in older adults, characterized by mutations in blood cells and a low blood count, but without any obvious cause or... Read more
Non-Invasive Prenatal Test for Fetal RhD Status Demonstrates 100% Accuracy
In the United States, approximately 15% of pregnant individuals are RhD-negative. However, in about 40% of these cases, the fetus is also RhD-negative, making the administration of RhoGAM unnecessary.... Read more
Microbiology
view channel
Handheld Device Deliver Low-Cost TB Results in Less Than One Hour
Tuberculosis (TB) remains the deadliest infectious disease globally, affecting an estimated 10 million people annually. In 2021, about 4.2 million TB cases went undiagnosed or unreported, mainly due to... Read more
New AI-Based Method Improves Diagnosis of Drug-Resistant Infections
Drug-resistant infections, particularly those caused by deadly bacteria like tuberculosis and staphylococcus, are rapidly emerging as a global health emergency. These infections are more difficult to treat,... Read more
Breakthrough Diagnostic Technology Identifies Bacterial Infections with Almost 100% Accuracy within Three Hours
Rapid and precise identification of pathogenic microbes in patient samples is essential for the effective treatment of acute infectious diseases, such as sepsis. The fluorescence in situ hybridization... Read more
Pathology
view channel
Advanced Imaging Reveals Mechanisms Causing Autoimmune Disease
Myasthenia gravis, an autoimmune disease, leads to muscle weakness that can affect a range of muscles, including those needed for basic actions like blinking, smiling, or moving. Researchers have long... Read more
AI Model Effectively Predicts Patient Outcomes in Common Lung Cancer Type
Lung adenocarcinoma, the most common form of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), typically adopts one of six distinct growth patterns, often combining multiple patterns within a single tumor.... Read more
Technology
view channel
Pain-On-A-Chip Microfluidic Device Determines Types of Chronic Pain from Blood Samples
Chronic pain is a widespread condition that remains difficult to manage, and existing clinical methods for its treatment rely largely on self-reporting, which can be subjective and especially problematic... Read more
Innovative, Label-Free Ratiometric Fluorosensor Enables More Sensitive Viral RNA Detection
Viruses present a major global health risk, as demonstrated by recent pandemics, making early detection and identification essential for preventing new outbreaks. While traditional detection methods are... Read more
Industry
view channel
Cepheid and Oxford Nanopore Technologies Partner on Advancing Automated Sequencing-Based Solutions
Cepheid (Sunnyvale, CA, USA), a leading molecular diagnostics company, and Oxford Nanopore Technologies (Oxford, UK), the company behind a new generation of sequencing-based molecular analysis technologies,... Read more
Grifols and Tecan’s IBL Collaborate on Advanced Biomarker Panels
Grifols (Barcelona, Spain), one of the world’s leading producers of plasma-derived medicines and innovative diagnostic solutions, is expanding its offer in clinical diagnostics through a strategic partnership... Read more
