Cutting-Edge Diagnostic Tool Rapidly Identifies Emerging SARS-CoV-2 Variants

By LabMedica International staff writers
Posted on 11 Nov 2024

Image: The molecular diagnostic tool, Intelli-OVI, offers the potential for continuous monitoring of emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants (Photo courtesy of Yorifumi Satou/Kumamoto University)

As the COVID-19 pandemic continues to evolve, the emergence of new variants of the SARS-CoV-2 virus presents ongoing challenges for public health monitoring and response, despite the rise of vaccinations and herd immunity from previous infections, which have helped reduce severe cases compared to earlier in the pandemic. While traditional methods, such as whole-genome sequencing (WGS), offer high accuracy, they are time-consuming and costly. Researchers have now made a significant advancement in the battle against COVID-19 by developing an innovative diagnostic tool that can quickly identify emerging variants of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. This new system combines advanced DNA detection technology with sophisticated computational algorithms to provide a faster and more affordable method for monitoring viral mutations, a crucial tool for managing future pandemics.

A team of researchers from Kumamoto University (Kumamoto, Japan) developed the novel diagnostic tool, Intelli-OVI, which integrates IntelliPlex micro-disc technology with a groundbreaking algorithm called Objective Variant Identification (OVI). This system offers a faster alternative for detecting and distinguishing over 20 SARS-CoV-2 variants with high accuracy. IntelliPlex technology uses a microdisc that is printed with a unique pictorial pattern (πCode), enabling the system to capture and analyze specific genetic mutations in the virus. This process allows the system to simultaneously handle multiple viral mutations, greatly accelerating detection. The OVI algorithm then interprets the data to identify both known and new variants by analyzing the unique mutation patterns.

In laboratory tests, Intelli-OVI successfully identified over 20 variants, including several subtypes of the Omicron variant, using 35 different DNA probes. Unlike traditional PCR-based methods, which can only detect a limited number of mutations, Intelli-OVI has the theoretical capacity to analyze up to 100 viral mutation sites at once, making it one of the most comprehensive diagnostic tools available. The successful development of Intelli-OVI holds the potential to make a significant contribution to global pandemic preparedness. The research team envisions that this technology could be applied to other rapidly evolving viruses, offering an essential tool for early detection and containment strategies.

"Our system can be easily updated to track new viral mutations," said Professor Yorifumi Satou, the lead researcher from the Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection (JRCHRI), Kumamoto University. "This new diagnostic tool has the potential to revolutionize how we monitor viral mutations, not just for COVID-19, but for future pandemics as well.”