Breath Ketone Analyzer Accurately Detects Ketosis in Type 1 Diabetes
By LabMedica International staff writers Posted on 30 Sep 2021 |
Image: The Ketonix Breath Ketone Analyzer may be considered as a non-invasive screening tool to rule out ketosis in adults with type 1 diabetes (Photo courtesy of Ketonix)
The presence of high levels of ketones in the bloodstream is a common complication of diabetes, which if left untreated can lead to ketoacidosis. Ketones build up when there is insufficient insulin to help fuel the body’s cells.
High levels of ketones are more common in people with type 1 diabetes (T1D) or people with advanced type 2 diabetes. The most accurate way of testing for ketones is to use a blood glucose meter which can test for ketones as well as blood glucose levels. Urine can be tested for ketone levels; however, the testing of urine means that the level is representative of the ketone levels up to a few hours ago.
Medical Scientists at the University of Colorado (Aurora, CO, USA) assessed the accuracy of a breath ketone analyzer to detect ketosis in adults and children with type 1 diabetes. They analyzed data from adults and children aged 6 years or older that had type 1 diabetes for at least a year. Participants were given a breath ketone analyzer (Ketonix, Varberg, Sweden) and a blood ketone meter (Precision Xtra, Abbott Diabetes Care, Alameda, CA, USA) to measure ketones for 90 days. For 90 days, participants were asked to check ketones at least once daily, if their blood glucose was more than 300 mg/dL, or if they were having diabetic ketoacidosis symptoms. Measurements taken in the morning were considered fasting measurements, whereas all others were considered non-fasting.
The investigators reported that a total of 500 measurements from 19 adults and children with type 1 diabetes were analyzed. There was a significant association between the breath ketone analyzer and blood ketone meter results in non-fasting adults, but not in children. In adults, a cut-off of 3.9 PPM on the breath ketone analyzer maximized the Youden Index with an AUC of 0.73. This cut-off for the breath ketone analyzer had 94.7% sensitivity and 54.2% specificity to detect ketosis (≥0.6 mmol/L in blood ketone meter).
Halis Kaan Akturk, MD, an Endocrinologist and senior author of the study, said, “We found that morning fasting results in adults can be falsely higher in some individuals. We also included some adults with type 1 diabetes using SGLT2 inhibitors that already have higher ketone levels at baseline. A breath ketone analyzer can be a good screening tool in patients that are at high risk for ketosis.”
The authors concluded that the breath ketone analyzer may be considered as a non-invasive screening tool to rule out ketosis in adults with type 1 diabetes. The study was published on August 27, 2021 in the Journal of Diabetes and its Complications.
Related Links:
University of Colorado
Ketonix
Abbott Diabetes Care
High levels of ketones are more common in people with type 1 diabetes (T1D) or people with advanced type 2 diabetes. The most accurate way of testing for ketones is to use a blood glucose meter which can test for ketones as well as blood glucose levels. Urine can be tested for ketone levels; however, the testing of urine means that the level is representative of the ketone levels up to a few hours ago.
Medical Scientists at the University of Colorado (Aurora, CO, USA) assessed the accuracy of a breath ketone analyzer to detect ketosis in adults and children with type 1 diabetes. They analyzed data from adults and children aged 6 years or older that had type 1 diabetes for at least a year. Participants were given a breath ketone analyzer (Ketonix, Varberg, Sweden) and a blood ketone meter (Precision Xtra, Abbott Diabetes Care, Alameda, CA, USA) to measure ketones for 90 days. For 90 days, participants were asked to check ketones at least once daily, if their blood glucose was more than 300 mg/dL, or if they were having diabetic ketoacidosis symptoms. Measurements taken in the morning were considered fasting measurements, whereas all others were considered non-fasting.
The investigators reported that a total of 500 measurements from 19 adults and children with type 1 diabetes were analyzed. There was a significant association between the breath ketone analyzer and blood ketone meter results in non-fasting adults, but not in children. In adults, a cut-off of 3.9 PPM on the breath ketone analyzer maximized the Youden Index with an AUC of 0.73. This cut-off for the breath ketone analyzer had 94.7% sensitivity and 54.2% specificity to detect ketosis (≥0.6 mmol/L in blood ketone meter).
Halis Kaan Akturk, MD, an Endocrinologist and senior author of the study, said, “We found that morning fasting results in adults can be falsely higher in some individuals. We also included some adults with type 1 diabetes using SGLT2 inhibitors that already have higher ketone levels at baseline. A breath ketone analyzer can be a good screening tool in patients that are at high risk for ketosis.”
The authors concluded that the breath ketone analyzer may be considered as a non-invasive screening tool to rule out ketosis in adults with type 1 diabetes. The study was published on August 27, 2021 in the Journal of Diabetes and its Complications.
Related Links:
University of Colorado
Ketonix
Abbott Diabetes Care
Latest Clinical Chem. News
- 3D Printed Point-Of-Care Mass Spectrometer Outperforms State-Of-The-Art Models
- POC Biomedical Test Spins Water Droplet Using Sound Waves for Cancer Detection
- Highly Reliable Cell-Based Assay Enables Accurate Diagnosis of Endocrine Diseases
- New Blood Testing Method Detects Potent Opioids in Under Three Minutes
- Wireless Hepatitis B Test Kit Completes Screening and Data Collection in One Step
- Pain-Free, Low-Cost, Sensitive, Radiation-Free Device Detects Breast Cancer in Urine
- Spit Test Detects Breast Cancer in Five Seconds
- Electrochemical Sensors with Next-Generation Coating Advances Precision Diagnostics at POC
- First-Of-Its-Kind Handheld Device Accurately Detects Fentanyl in Urine within Seconds
- New Fluorescent Sensor Array Lights up Alzheimer’s-Related Proteins for Earlier Detection
- Automated Mass Spectrometry-Based Clinical Analyzer Could Transform Lab Testing
- Highly Sensitive pH Sensor to Aid Detection of Cancers and Vector-Borne Viruses
- Non-Invasive Sensor Monitors Changes in Saliva Compositions to Rapidly Diagnose Diabetes
- Breakthrough Immunoassays to Aid in Risk Assessment of Preeclampsia
- Urine Test for Monitoring Changes in Kidney Health Markers Can Predict New-Onset Heart Failure
- AACC Releases Comprehensive Diabetes Testing Guidelines