Commercial TB Test Compared to Recombinant Allergen Skin Test
|
By LabMedica International staff writers Posted on 27 Sep 2019 |
|
Image: Diaskintest is an innovative skin test for the mass screening of tuberculosis (Photo courtesy of Stragen Pharma).
Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the top 10 causes of death worldwide and the primary cause of death due to any single infectious agent. In 2017, approximately 10 million people developed TB, and 1.3 million died from the disease.
Currently, two methods are used for the detection of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI), the tuberculin skin test (TST) and interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs). The TST measures a complex delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction to purified protein derivative (PPD).
Scientists at the Central Tuberculosis Research Institute (Moscow, Russia) included in their study 85 adults (median age 42 years, range 18–84 years; 48 women, 37 men) and 96 children (median age 10 years, range 3–16 years; 49 girls, 47 boys). The TB diagnosis was made by clinicians based on the results of the following: microbiological examination (sputum smear, culture/BACTEC, and/or PCR analysis) of respiratory specimens (sputum, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), bronchial washing, nasopharyngeal aspirates), surgical material, and/or pleural effusion; conventional chest X-ray and/or CT; clinical examination (anamnesis, complaints, history of TB exposure).
The team compared the performances of Diaskintest and QuantiFERON-TB Gold in adults and children with suspected TB in Moscow, Russia. Diaskintest, a recombinant allergen skin test, was injected intradermally at a dose of 0.2 μg/0.1 mL by an experienced nurse. The induration was measured 48–72 hours later by an experienced clinician unaware of the results of the QFT. The presence of infiltration of any size was considered as positive.
The scientists reported that Diaskintest and QFT were concordant in 84% of adults and 90% of children (overall concordance 87%). The concordance between QFT, Diaskintest, and the final diagnosis was good in adults (86% and 81%, respectively) and moderate in children (77% and 79%, respectively). In adults, QFT had a higher sensitivity for detecting TB than Diaskintest (82% and 68%, respectively); in children, Diaskintest was more sensitive (73% and 65%, respectively). In patients with a confirmed TB diagnosis, negative Diaskintest/QFT results were associated with low disease activity. Combined Diaskintest/QFT results identified TB patients with higher sensitivity and specificity than each test separately.
The authors concluded that the Diaskintest and QFT demonstrated good concordance. Provided that there are no contraindications to the use of the tests in vivo, the Diaskintest can be recommended as a low cost TB infection screening test in countries with a low/medium per capita income. The Diaskintest and QFT showed quite high specificity and an optimal sensitivity, which depended on the TB process activity. The combined use of the two immunological tests will allow the sensitivity of TB immunodiagnosis to be increased. The study was published in the September 2019 issue on the International Journal of Infectious Diseases.
Related Links:
Central Tuberculosis Research Institute
Currently, two methods are used for the detection of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI), the tuberculin skin test (TST) and interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs). The TST measures a complex delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction to purified protein derivative (PPD).
Scientists at the Central Tuberculosis Research Institute (Moscow, Russia) included in their study 85 adults (median age 42 years, range 18–84 years; 48 women, 37 men) and 96 children (median age 10 years, range 3–16 years; 49 girls, 47 boys). The TB diagnosis was made by clinicians based on the results of the following: microbiological examination (sputum smear, culture/BACTEC, and/or PCR analysis) of respiratory specimens (sputum, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), bronchial washing, nasopharyngeal aspirates), surgical material, and/or pleural effusion; conventional chest X-ray and/or CT; clinical examination (anamnesis, complaints, history of TB exposure).
The team compared the performances of Diaskintest and QuantiFERON-TB Gold in adults and children with suspected TB in Moscow, Russia. Diaskintest, a recombinant allergen skin test, was injected intradermally at a dose of 0.2 μg/0.1 mL by an experienced nurse. The induration was measured 48–72 hours later by an experienced clinician unaware of the results of the QFT. The presence of infiltration of any size was considered as positive.
The scientists reported that Diaskintest and QFT were concordant in 84% of adults and 90% of children (overall concordance 87%). The concordance between QFT, Diaskintest, and the final diagnosis was good in adults (86% and 81%, respectively) and moderate in children (77% and 79%, respectively). In adults, QFT had a higher sensitivity for detecting TB than Diaskintest (82% and 68%, respectively); in children, Diaskintest was more sensitive (73% and 65%, respectively). In patients with a confirmed TB diagnosis, negative Diaskintest/QFT results were associated with low disease activity. Combined Diaskintest/QFT results identified TB patients with higher sensitivity and specificity than each test separately.
The authors concluded that the Diaskintest and QFT demonstrated good concordance. Provided that there are no contraindications to the use of the tests in vivo, the Diaskintest can be recommended as a low cost TB infection screening test in countries with a low/medium per capita income. The Diaskintest and QFT showed quite high specificity and an optimal sensitivity, which depended on the TB process activity. The combined use of the two immunological tests will allow the sensitivity of TB immunodiagnosis to be increased. The study was published in the September 2019 issue on the International Journal of Infectious Diseases.
Related Links:
Central Tuberculosis Research Institute
Platinum Member
COVID-19 Rapid Test
OSOM COVID-19 Antigen Rapid Test
Complement 3 (C3) Test
GPP-100 C3 Kit
New
Gold Member
Magnetic Bead Separation Modules
MAG and HEATMAG
Latest Immunology News
- Diagnostic Blood Test for Cellular Rejection after Organ Transplant Could Replace Surgical Biopsies
- AI Tool Precisely Matches Cancer Drugs to Patients Using Information from Each Tumor Cell
- Genetic Testing Combined With Personalized Drug Screening On Tumor Samples to Revolutionize Cancer Treatment
- Testing Method Could Help More Patients Receive Right Cancer Treatment
- Groundbreaking Test Monitors Radiation Therapy Toxicity in Cancer Patients
- State-Of-The Art Techniques to Investigate Immune Response in Deadly Strep A Infections
- Novel Immunoassays Enable Early Diagnosis of Antiphospholipid Syndrome
- New Test Could Predict Immunotherapy Success for Broader Range Of Cancers
- Simple Blood Protein Tests Predict CAR T Outcomes for Lymphoma Patients
- Cell Sorter Chip Technology to Pave Way for Immune Profiling at POC
- Chip Monitors Cancer Cells in Blood Samples to Assess Treatment Effectiveness
- Automated Immunohematology Approaches Can Resolve Transplant Incompatibility
- AI Leverages Tumor Genetics to Predict Patient Response to Chemotherapy
- World’s First Portable, Non-Invasive WBC Monitoring Device to Eliminate Need for Blood Draw
- Predictive T-Cell Test Detects Immune Response to Viruses Even Before Antibodies Form
- Single Blood Draw to Detect Immune Cells Present Months before Flu Infection Can Predict Symptoms
Channels
Clinical Chemistry
view channel
3D Printed Point-Of-Care Mass Spectrometer Outperforms State-Of-The-Art Models
Mass spectrometry is a precise technique for identifying the chemical components of a sample and has significant potential for monitoring chronic illness health states, such as measuring hormone levels... Read more.jpg "Image: Reaching speeds up to 6,000 RPM, this centrifuge forms the basis for a new type of inexpensive, POC biomedical test (Photo courtesy of Duke University)")
POC Biomedical Test Spins Water Droplet Using Sound Waves for Cancer Detection
Exosomes, tiny cellular bioparticles carrying a specific set of proteins, lipids, and genetic materials, play a crucial role in cell communication and hold promise for non-invasive diagnostics.... Read more
Highly Reliable Cell-Based Assay Enables Accurate Diagnosis of Endocrine Diseases
The conventional methods for measuring free cortisol, the body's stress hormone, from blood or saliva are quite demanding and require sample processing. The most common method, therefore, involves collecting... Read more
Molecular Diagnostics
view channel.jpg "Image: The QIAstat-Dx Respiratory Panel Plus has received U.S. FDA clearance (Photo courtesy of QIAGEN)")
New Respiratory Syndromic Testing Panel Provides Fast and Accurate Results
Respiratory tract infections are a major reason for emergency department visits and hospitalizations. According to the CDC, the U.S. sees up to 41 million influenza cases annually, resulting in several... Read more
New Synthetic Biomarker Technology Differentiates Between Prior Zika and Dengue Infections
Until now, researchers and clinicians have lacked diagnostic tools to easily differentiate between past infections with different flaviviruses—a family of mostly mosquito- and tick-borne viruses that include... Read more
Hematology
view channel
Next Generation Instrument Screens for Hemoglobin Disorders in Newborns
Hemoglobinopathies, the most widespread inherited conditions globally, affect about 7% of the population as carriers, with 2.7% of newborns being born with these conditions. The spectrum of clinical manifestations... Read more
First 4-in-1 Nucleic Acid Test for Arbovirus Screening to Reduce Risk of Transfusion-Transmitted Infections
Arboviruses represent an emerging global health threat, exacerbated by climate change and increased international travel that is facilitating their spread across new regions. Chikungunya, dengue, West... Read more
POC Finger-Prick Blood Test Determines Risk of Neutropenic Sepsis in Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy
Neutropenia, a decrease in neutrophils (a type of white blood cell crucial for fighting infections), is a frequent side effect of certain cancer treatments. This condition elevates the risk of infections,... Read more
First Affordable and Rapid Test for Beta Thalassemia Demonstrates 99% Diagnostic Accuracy
Hemoglobin disorders rank as some of the most prevalent monogenic diseases globally. Among various hemoglobin disorders, beta thalassemia, a hereditary blood disorder, affects about 1.5% of the world's... Read moreMicrobiology
view channel
Integrated Solution Ushers New Era of Automated Tuberculosis Testing
Tuberculosis (TB) is responsible for 1.3 million deaths every year, positioning it as one of the top killers globally due to a single infectious agent. In 2022, around 10.6 million people were diagnosed... Read more
Automated Sepsis Test System Enables Rapid Diagnosis for Patients with Severe Bloodstream Infections
Sepsis affects up to 50 million people globally each year, with bacteraemia, formerly known as blood poisoning, being a major cause. In the United States alone, approximately two million individuals are... Read more
Enhanced Rapid Syndromic Molecular Diagnostic Solution Detects Broad Range of Infectious Diseases
GenMark Diagnostics (Carlsbad, CA, USA), a member of the Roche Group (Basel, Switzerland), has rebranded its ePlex® system as the cobas eplex system. This rebranding under the globally renowned cobas name... Read more
Clinical Decision Support Software a Game-Changer in Antimicrobial Resistance Battle
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a serious global public health concern that claims millions of lives every year. It primarily results from the inappropriate and excessive use of antibiotics, which reduces... Read morePathology
view channel
Hyperspectral Dark-Field Microscopy Enables Rapid and Accurate Identification of Cancerous Tissues
Breast cancer remains a major cause of cancer-related mortality among women. Breast-conserving surgery (BCS), also known as lumpectomy, is the removal of the cancerous lump and a small margin of surrounding tissue.... Read more
AI Advancements Enable Leap into 3D Pathology
Human tissue is complex, intricate, and naturally three-dimensional. However, the thin two-dimensional tissue slices commonly used by pathologists to diagnose diseases provide only a limited view of the... Read more
New Blood Test Device Modeled on Leeches to Help Diagnose Malaria
Many individuals have a fear of needles, making the experience of having blood drawn from their arm particularly distressing. An alternative method involves taking blood from the fingertip or earlobe,... Read more
Robotic Blood Drawing Device to Revolutionize Sample Collection for Diagnostic Testing
Blood drawing is performed billions of times each year worldwide, playing a critical role in diagnostic procedures. Despite its importance, clinical laboratories are dealing with significant staff shortages,... Read moreTechnology
view channel
New Diagnostic System Achieves PCR Testing Accuracy
While PCR tests are the gold standard of accuracy for virology testing, they come with limitations such as complexity, the need for skilled lab operators, and longer result times. They also require complex... Read more
DNA Biosensor Enables Early Diagnosis of Cervical Cancer
Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), recognized for its potential to form two-dimensional nanosheets like graphene, is a material that's increasingly catching the eye of the scientific community.... Read more
Self-Heating Microfluidic Devices Can Detect Diseases in Tiny Blood or Fluid Samples
Microfluidics, which are miniature devices that control the flow of liquids and facilitate chemical reactions, play a key role in disease detection from small samples of blood or other fluids.... Read more
Breakthrough in Diagnostic Technology Could Make On-The-Spot Testing Widely Accessible
Home testing gained significant importance during the COVID-19 pandemic, yet the availability of rapid tests is limited, and most of them can only drive one liquid across the strip, leading to continued... Read moreIndustry
view channel
Danaher and Johns Hopkins University Collaborate to Improve Neurological Diagnosis
Unlike severe traumatic brain injury (TBI), mild TBI often does not show clear correlations with abnormalities detected through head computed tomography (CT) scans. Consequently, there is a pressing need... Read more
Beckman Coulter and MeMed Expand Host Immune Response Diagnostics Partnership
Beckman Coulter Diagnostics (Brea, CA, USA) and MeMed BV (Haifa, Israel) have expanded their host immune response diagnostics partnership. Beckman Coulter is now an authorized distributor of the MeMed... Read more_1.jpg "Image: Thermo Fisher will distribute Bio-Techne products across Europe (Photo courtesy of 123RF)")
