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Microbiology

Image: A diagram of the newly discovered mechanism of action of the bacterial superantigen toxins: Superantigens bind to both B7-2 and CD28, the major costimulatory receptors expressed on human immune cells. This binding enhances B7-2/CD28 receptor engagement, thereby inducing a powerful immune signal that evokes a harmful inflammatory storm (Photo courtesy of Professor Raymond Kaempfer).

Groundbreaking Immune Approach Targets Humans Instead of Bacteria

Staphylococcal and streptococcal infections affect millions of individuals each year and they are a leading cause of sepsis and account for many cases of pneumonia and post-surgical infections. More...
18 Oct 2016
Image: A confocal microscope analysis of biofilms formed by the fungus Candida tropicalis(CT) alone or in combination with bacteria E. coli(EC) and/or Serratia marcescens(SM). (A) Side view of biofilms formed by [C. tropicalis + E. coli + S. marcescens], or [C. tropicalis + S. marcescens], or [C. tropicalis + E. coli], or C. tropicalis alone, or S. marcescens alone, or E. coli alone. (B) Bar graph showing mean thickness of biofilms (Photo courtesy of mBio).

Fungus Identified As Key Factor in Crohn’s Disease

Researchers have for the first time identified a fungus, Candida tropicalis, as a key factor in the development of Crohn’s disease in humans. They have also linked a new bacterium to the bacteria previously associated with Crohn’s. The groundbreaking findings could facilitate development of new treatments and ultimately cures for the debilitating inflammatory bowel disease More...
18 Oct 2016
Image: A histology of Aspergillus fumigatus in lung tissue (Photo courtesy of the CDC).

Rapid Adaptation of Aspergillus Presents Doctors with Dilemma

Aspergillus fumigatus causes a range of diseases in human beings, some of which are characterized by fungal persistence and the fungus can persist by adapting to the human lung environment through physiological and genomic changes. More...
14 Oct 2016
Image: The MinION nanopore sequencing device (Photo courtesy of Oxford Nanopore Technologies).

UTI Testing Technology Cuts Screening Time Significantly

Most urinary tract infections (UTI) are mild, but serious cases can lead to hospitalization and at worst, bacteria can enter the bloodstream causing urosepsis, a life-threatening condition. In this case antibiotics are vital and must be given immediately. More...
12 Oct 2016
Image: A suitcase laboratory used for Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) diagnosis in the field (Photo courtesy of Ahmed Abd El Wahed).

Field Test Allows Rapid Diagnosis of Chikungunya Virus Infection

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) infection causes symptoms that are similar to Dengue and Zika as well as other viral diseases, including influenza and accurate diagnosis of CHIKV is important for effective outbreak responses, including patient management and mosquito control. More...
12 Oct 2016
Image: Immunohistochemical detection of human intestinal spirochetosis with signs of invasion (Photo courtesy of the US National Institute of Health).

Anti-Treponema Immunohistochemistry Cross-Reactivity Reported with Non-Treponema Spirochetes

Syphilis has different histopathologic presentations, and it can mimic a significant number of entities while human intestinal spirochetosis is characterized by the presence of a layer of spirochetes adherent to the apical epithelial surface of the colorectal mucosa. More...
12 Oct 2016
Image: Proteins from Rift Valley fever virus (Photo courtesy of Medical Xpress).

Mosquito-Borne Rift Valley Fever Virus Linked to Miscarriage in Humans

Rift Valley fever virus (RVFv) has been linked to miscarriage in a cross-sectional study of pregnant Sudanese women with fever, which indicated a 7 times greater risk of miscarriage for infected women. More...
11 Oct 2016
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The LabMedica Microbiology channel provides the latest news in the fields of epidemiology, bacteriology, virology, and parasitology, all viewed from the unique perspective of Laboratory Medicine.