Serum HMGB1 Levels Reflect Clinical Features of HLH
|
By LabMedica International staff writers Posted on 17 Sep 2019 |
|
Image: The High Mobility Group Box protein 1 (HMGB1) quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit (Photo courtesy of Shino-Test Corporation).
Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a life-threatening hyperinflammatory syndrome. Hypercytokinemia secreted from dysregulated hyperactivated monocytes, macrophages, T cells and NK cells has been reported to play a major role in HLH.
High mobility group box protein 1 (HMGB1) is a nonhistone nuclear protein that has a dual function. Inside the cell, HMGB1 binds DNA, regulating transcription and determining chromosomal architecture. HMGB1 can be released actively from innate immune cells in response to pathogenic products and passively from injured or dying cells.
Scientists at the Wakayama Medical University (Wakayama City, Japan) measured serum HMGB1 levels in 28 patients with HLH and six normal controls using a quantitative immunoassay. The patients were 21 boys and seven girls, aged from 10 days to 21 years, with a median age of 8.5 years. The underlying conditions of HLH were infection-associated HLH in 18 patients, malignancy-associated HLH in seven patients, and genetic HLH in three patients. The relations between serum HMGB1 levels and clinical symptoms and laboratory parameters were analyzed.
Blood samples were collected from the patients at the time of diagnosis of HLH and before specific treatment for HLH. Serial serum HMGB1 levels were measured in one patient. Whole blood collected in non-heparinized tubes was left to clot at room temperature for 30 minutes before centrifugation at 3,000 rpm for 15 minutes. The serum fractions were stored at −80 °C until the time of assay. Serum HMGB1 concentrations were determined using a quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
The scientists reported that serum HMGB1 levels were significantly higher in patients with HLH than in normal controls (median, 6.5 ng/mL). The serial serum HMGB1 levels in one patient fell to reflect the disease activity. Serum HMGB1 levels were significantly higher in patients with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) than in patients without DIC and were also significantly higher in patients with central nervous system (CNS) complications than in patients without CNS complications. Serum HMGB1 levels were positively correlated with aspartate aminotransferase and negatively correlated with fibrinogen and hemoglobin.
The authors concluded that their study showed that serum HMGB1 levels reflect clinical features of childhood HLH. HMGB1 is a potential mediator involved in the pathogenesis and determining the clinical findings of HLH. The study was published on August 27, 2019, in the Journal of Blood Medicine.
Related Links:
Wakayama Medical University
High mobility group box protein 1 (HMGB1) is a nonhistone nuclear protein that has a dual function. Inside the cell, HMGB1 binds DNA, regulating transcription and determining chromosomal architecture. HMGB1 can be released actively from innate immune cells in response to pathogenic products and passively from injured or dying cells.
Scientists at the Wakayama Medical University (Wakayama City, Japan) measured serum HMGB1 levels in 28 patients with HLH and six normal controls using a quantitative immunoassay. The patients were 21 boys and seven girls, aged from 10 days to 21 years, with a median age of 8.5 years. The underlying conditions of HLH were infection-associated HLH in 18 patients, malignancy-associated HLH in seven patients, and genetic HLH in three patients. The relations between serum HMGB1 levels and clinical symptoms and laboratory parameters were analyzed.
Blood samples were collected from the patients at the time of diagnosis of HLH and before specific treatment for HLH. Serial serum HMGB1 levels were measured in one patient. Whole blood collected in non-heparinized tubes was left to clot at room temperature for 30 minutes before centrifugation at 3,000 rpm for 15 minutes. The serum fractions were stored at −80 °C until the time of assay. Serum HMGB1 concentrations were determined using a quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
The scientists reported that serum HMGB1 levels were significantly higher in patients with HLH than in normal controls (median, 6.5 ng/mL). The serial serum HMGB1 levels in one patient fell to reflect the disease activity. Serum HMGB1 levels were significantly higher in patients with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) than in patients without DIC and were also significantly higher in patients with central nervous system (CNS) complications than in patients without CNS complications. Serum HMGB1 levels were positively correlated with aspartate aminotransferase and negatively correlated with fibrinogen and hemoglobin.
The authors concluded that their study showed that serum HMGB1 levels reflect clinical features of childhood HLH. HMGB1 is a potential mediator involved in the pathogenesis and determining the clinical findings of HLH. The study was published on August 27, 2019, in the Journal of Blood Medicine.
Related Links:
Wakayama Medical University
Gold Member
Quantitative POC Immunoassay Analyzer
EASY READER+
Thyroid Test
Anti-Thyroid EIA Test
New
Automated Coagulation Analyzer
Hemolumi H6
Latest Clinical Chem. News
- Alzheimer’s Biomarkers Identify Faster Cognitive Decline in Adults Over 80
- ADLM Issues Laboratory Guidance for Gender-Diverse Patient Care
- FDA-Approved Test Identifies Low Risk of Large Esophageal Varices in Cirrhosis
- Blood Protein Signature Diagnoses Pediatric IBD and Distinguishes Subtypes
- Blood Test Detects More High-Risk Prostate Cancers Than PSA
- Rapid Blood Test Aids Diagnosis of Acute Ischemic Stroke
- Blood-Based Alzheimer’s Testing Platform Offers Rapid Results
- Maternal Blood Biomarkers Identify Risk of Preterm and Early-Term Birth
- Simple Oral Swab Monitors Persistent Inflammation in Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia
- Simple Blood-Based Cholesterol Efflux Assay Identifies High-Risk Coronary Plaque Features
- Plasma Vitamin C Levels Associated with Brain Structure and Connectivity in Aging
- Mass Spectrometry Detects Tumor Metabolites for Cancer Monitoring
- Urinary Biomarker Assay Predicts Kidney Disease Progression Beyond Standard Measures
- Saliva-Based Test Detects Biochemical Signs of Sleep Loss
- Simple Dual-Tau Blood Test Detects and Stages Alzheimer’s Disease
- Alzheimer’s Blood Biomarkers Linked to Early Cognitive Differences Before Dementia
Channels
Clinical Chemistry
view channel
Alzheimer’s Biomarkers Identify Faster Cognitive Decline in Adults Over 80
Diagnosing the cause of cognitive decline in adults over 80 is challenging because multiple comorbidities can blur early clinical presentations. As a result, memory complaints are often attributed to normal... Read more
ADLM Issues Laboratory Guidance for Gender-Diverse Patient Care
Laboratory medicine increasingly intersects with gender-affirming care, where hormone therapy and rigid health record fields can complicate the interpretation of routine tests. Without appropriate clinical... Read more
Molecular Diagnostics
view channel
Blood Test Helps Guide Post-Surgical Treatment in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Colorectal cancer is the third most common malignancy worldwide and the second-leading cause of cancer death. The liver is the most frequent site of spread, and although surgery offers the best chance... Read more
Blood Test Using Circular RNA Biomarkers Predicts Alzheimer’s Progression
Alzheimer’s disease evaluation commonly relies on plasma phosphorylated tau 217, along with invasive cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) testing and expensive PET. Blood-based approaches that can stratify risk years... Read more
Immunology
view channel
Anti-Lipid Antibody Biomarkers May Identify Early Lyme Disease and Persistent Symptoms
Lyme disease is often missed during its earliest and most treatable stage, while current serologic assays cannot distinguish active infection from prior exposure. Nearly half a million Americans are diagnosed... Read more
Emergency Department Opt-Out Testing Program Identifies Undiagnosed HIV
Undiagnosed HIV continues to drive avoidable morbidity and transmission, with many people identified only after substantial immune damage has occurred. In England, about one in 20 people living with HIV... Read more
Immune Biomarkers Could Identify Risk of Chronic Critical Illness on ICU Admission
Severe traumatic injury can trigger immune and organ dysfunction that complicates recovery in the intensive care unit. A subset of patients develop chronic critical illness, defined as dependence on intensive... Read more
Microbiology
view channel
Rapid Gastrointestinal PCR Panels Deliver One-Hour Results
Acute infectious gastroenteritis remains a major cause of illness worldwide, especially in young children, older adults, and immunocompromised patients. Nonspecific symptoms such as diarrhea, vomiting,... Read more
H. pylori Screening Within Colorectal Program Aids Gastric Cancer Prevention
Health systems increasingly rely on economic evidence to guide cancer prevention strategies. For gastric cancer, selecting screening approaches that can integrate with existing programs is a key policy question.... Read more
Machine Learning Reveals Consistent Gut Microbiome Patterns in Colorectal Cancer
Colorectal cancer has been repeatedly linked to alterations in the gut microbiome, yet findings have often varied across small, heterogeneous studies. Reproducibility has been limited by differing sequencing... Read more
Pathology
view channel
EBV Status Helps Predict Survival in Primary CNS Lymphoma
Primary central nervous system lymphoma is a rare malignancy in which tumors arise in the brain and, less often, the spinal cord, eyes, or cerebrospinal fluid. Outcomes are especially variable when the... Read more
AI Pathology Tool Predicts Immunotherapy Response in Rare Cancers
Immunotherapy has transformed care for select malignancies, yet predicting which patients with rare cancers are most likely to benefit remains challenging. Clinicians often have only limited biomarkers... Read more
Technology
view channel
New CE-Certified Software Advances Whole-Genome Cancer Testing
European hospitals are increasingly using comprehensive tumor genomics to guide therapy, but routine whole genome sequencing (WGS) requires validated, regulation-compliant workflows. A newly CE-certified... Read more
National Rare Disease Registry Standardizes Genetic and Clinical Data for Coordinated Care
Rare diseases collectively impose a significant clinical burden despite their individual rarity, often involving multisystem presentations and prolonged diagnostic journeys. Limited specialist expertise... Read more
Industry
view channel
Eurobio Scientific Completes Acquisition of CareDx Lab Products Division
Eurobio Scientific has closed the acquisition of CareDx AB in Sweden and its fully owned subsidiaries in the United States and Australia that constitute CareDx’s Lab Products division. The business will... Read more
Blood-Based CRISPR Test for Tuberculosis Gains Regulatory Approval in Colombia
Colombia remains a high-priority setting for tuberculosis, with a growing need for diagnostics that complement existing testing strategies and improve access to earlier diagnosis. Solutions that function... Read more
