Novel Biomarker Predicts Dementia Risk
|
By LabMedica International staff writers Posted on 18 Dec 2019 |
|
Image: Crystal structure of CD14 protein and its implications for lipopolysaccharide signaling (Photo courtesy of Wikimedia Commons)
A new biomarker related to brain atrophy, cognitive decline, and dementia was described in a recently published paper.
Investigators at the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio (USA) compared risk of dementia to levels of the biomarker sCD14 in 1,588 participants from the Framingham Heart Study and 3,129 participants from the Cardiovascular Health Study.
The protein encoded by the CD14 gene is a surface antigen that is preferentially expressed on monocytes and macrophages. It cooperates with other proteins to mediate the innate immune response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide. CD14 exists in two forms, one anchored to the membrane by a glycosylphosphatidylinositol tail (mCD14), the other a soluble form (sCD14). Soluble CD14 either appears after shedding of mCD14 or is directly secreted from intracellular vesicles.
Investigators measured levels of plasma sCD14 in samples of participants’ blood at the time they enrolled in the study. In the Framingham group, brain MRI and cognitive testing were performed within one year after measurement of sCD14. A second round of tests was performed after seven years. Surveillance for dementia was conducted over an average of nine years. In the Cardiovascular Health Study group, the first brain MRI was obtained three to four years after enrollment and a second round five years later.
Mean age of the members of the Framingham group was 69 ± 6 years, 47% male (131 incident events), and the mean age of the Cardiovascular Health Study group was 72 ± 5 years, 41% male (724 incident events). Meta-analysis across the two cohorts showed that each SD unit increase in sCD14 was associated with a 12% increase in the risk of incident dementia following adjustments for age, sex, APOE epsilon4 status, and vascular risk factors.
"We have strong reason to believe that sCD14 can be a useful biomarker to assess a person's risk of cognitive decline and dementia," said contributing author Dr. Sudha Seshadri, professor of neurology at the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio. "The most exciting part is that we could assess this risk in advance, when there is ample time to intervene and change the course of a person's life."
The study was published in the December 9, 2019, online edition of the journal Neurology.
Related Links:
University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio
 Extraction or Purification Kit.jpg)
Investigators at the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio (USA) compared risk of dementia to levels of the biomarker sCD14 in 1,588 participants from the Framingham Heart Study and 3,129 participants from the Cardiovascular Health Study.
The protein encoded by the CD14 gene is a surface antigen that is preferentially expressed on monocytes and macrophages. It cooperates with other proteins to mediate the innate immune response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide. CD14 exists in two forms, one anchored to the membrane by a glycosylphosphatidylinositol tail (mCD14), the other a soluble form (sCD14). Soluble CD14 either appears after shedding of mCD14 or is directly secreted from intracellular vesicles.
Investigators measured levels of plasma sCD14 in samples of participants’ blood at the time they enrolled in the study. In the Framingham group, brain MRI and cognitive testing were performed within one year after measurement of sCD14. A second round of tests was performed after seven years. Surveillance for dementia was conducted over an average of nine years. In the Cardiovascular Health Study group, the first brain MRI was obtained three to four years after enrollment and a second round five years later.
Mean age of the members of the Framingham group was 69 ± 6 years, 47% male (131 incident events), and the mean age of the Cardiovascular Health Study group was 72 ± 5 years, 41% male (724 incident events). Meta-analysis across the two cohorts showed that each SD unit increase in sCD14 was associated with a 12% increase in the risk of incident dementia following adjustments for age, sex, APOE epsilon4 status, and vascular risk factors.
"We have strong reason to believe that sCD14 can be a useful biomarker to assess a person's risk of cognitive decline and dementia," said contributing author Dr. Sudha Seshadri, professor of neurology at the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio. "The most exciting part is that we could assess this risk in advance, when there is ample time to intervene and change the course of a person's life."
The study was published in the December 9, 2019, online edition of the journal Neurology.
Related Links:
University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio
Gold Member
Flocked Fiber Swabs
Puritan® Patented HydraFlock®
New
DNA/RNA Extraction/Purification Kit
Nucleic Acid Extraction or Purification Kit
New
Silver Member
Autoimmune Hepatitis Test
LKM-1-Ab ELISA
Latest Molecular Diagnostics News
- Blood Test Could Predict Likelihood of Breast Cancer Spreading to The Bone
- New Infectious Disease Analytics Platform Speeds Up Clinical Decision-Making at POC
- Genetic Test Could Predict Poor Outcomes in Lung Transplant Patients
- Breakthrough Blood Test Enables Early Pancreatic Cancer Detection
- Genomic Testing in NICU Reduces Missed Diagnoses
- New Genetic Test Improves Diabetes Prediction and Classification
- New Blood Test for Leukemia Risk Detection Could Replace Bone Marrow Sampling
- Blood Test Detects Preeclampsia Risk Months Before Symptoms Appear
- mNGS CSF Test Outperforms Traditional Microbiological Testing for Infectious Diseases
- Point-Of-Care Test to Transform Early-Stage Cervical Cancer Diagnosis
- PET/ctDNA-Guided Approach Helps Determine Lymphoma Treatment
- Next-Generation 'Agnostic Diagnostics' to Detect Respiratory Viruses at POC
- First-Ever Test of Cure for Chagas Disease Determines Treatment Effectiveness
- Capsule Sponge Test Could Replace Endoscopies for Monitoring Esophageal Cancer Risk
- Nasal Swab Test Offers Simpler and Less Costly Virus Screening in High-Risk Settings
- DNA Test Accurately Predicts Resistance to Common Chemotherapy Treatments
Channels
Clinical Chemistry
view channel
New Reference Measurement Procedure Standardizes Nucleic Acid Amplification Test Results
Nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) play a key role in diagnosing a wide range of infectious diseases. These tests are generally known for their high sensitivity and specificity, and they can be developed... Read more
Pen-Like Tool Quickly and Non-Invasively Detects Opioids from Skin
Opioid drugs such as fentanyl, morphine, and oxycodone are the primary substances associated with overdose cases in the United States. Standard drug screening procedures typically involve collecting blood,... Read more
Hematology
view channel
Disposable Cartridge-Based Test Delivers Rapid and Accurate CBC Results
Complete Blood Count (CBC) is one of the most commonly ordered lab tests, crucial for diagnosing diseases, monitoring therapies, and conducting routine health screenings. However, more than 90% of physician... Read more
First Point-of-Care Heparin Monitoring Test Provides Results in Under 15 Minutes
Heparin dosing requires careful management to avoid both bleeding and clotting complications. In high-risk situations like extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), mortality rates can reach about 50%,... Read more
Immunology
view channel
Blood Test Detects Organ Rejection in Heart Transplant Patients
Following a heart transplant, patients are required to undergo surgical biopsies so that physicians can assess the possibility of organ rejection. Rejection happens when the recipient’s immune system identifies... Read more
Liquid Biopsy Approach to Transform Diagnosis, Monitoring and Treatment of Lung Cancer
Lung cancer continues to be a major contributor to cancer-related deaths globally, with its biological complexity and diverse regulatory processes making diagnosis and treatment particularly difficult.... Read more
Computational Tool Exposes Hidden Cancer DNA Changes Influencing Treatment Resistance
Structural changes in tumor DNA are among the most damaging genetic alterations in cancer, yet they often go undetected, particularly when tissue samples are degraded or of low quality. These hidden genomic... Read more
Microbiology
view channel
Viral Load Tests Can Help Predict Mpox Severity
Mpox is a viral infection that causes flu-like symptoms and a characteristic rash, which evolves significantly over time and varies between patients. The disease spreads mainly through direct contact with... Read more
Gut Microbiota Analysis Enables Early and Non-Invasive Detection of Gestational Diabetes
Gestational diabetes mellitus is a common metabolic disorder marked by abnormal glucose metabolism during pregnancy, typically emerging in the mid to late stages. It significantly heightens the risk of... Read more
Pathology
view channel
AI Performs Virtual Tissue Staining at Super-Resolution
Conventional histopathology, essential for diagnosing various diseases, typically involves chemically staining tissue samples to reveal cellular structures under a microscope. This process, known as “histochemical... Read more
AI-Driven Preliminary Testing for Pancreatic Cancer Enhances Prognosis
Pancreatic cancer poses a major global health threat due to its high mortality rate, with 467,409 deaths and 510,992 new cases reported worldwide in 2022. Often referred to as the "king" of all cancers,... Read more
Cancer Chip Accurately Predicts Patient-Specific Chemotherapy Response
Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC), one of the two primary types of esophageal cancer, ranks as the sixth leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide and currently lacks effective targeted therapies.... Read more
Clinical AI Solution for Automatic Breast Cancer Grading Improves Diagnostic Accuracy
Labs that use traditional image analysis methods often suffer from bottlenecks and delays. By digitizing their pathology practices, labs can streamline their work, allowing them to take on larger caseloads... Read moreTechnology
view channel
Inexpensive DNA Coated Electrode Paves Way for Disposable Diagnostics
Many people around the world still lack access to affordable, easy-to-use diagnostics for diseases like cancer, HIV, and influenza. Conventional sensors, while accurate, often rely on expensive equipment... Read more
New Miniature Device to Transform Testing of Blood Cancer Treatments
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy has emerged as a groundbreaking treatment for blood cancers like leukemia, offering hope to patients when other treatments fail. However, despite its promise,... Read more
Industry
view channel
AMP Releases Best Practice Recommendations to Guide Clinical Laboratories Offering HRD Testing
Homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) testing identifies tumors that are unable to effectively repair DNA damage through the homologous recombination repair pathway. This deficiency is often linked... Read more
