Daffodil Compound Used to Target Brain Cancer

By LabMedica International staff writers
Posted on 29 Nov 2010

A new research study hopes that a natural compound found in daffodil bulbs, called narciclasine, may be a powerful therapeutic against biologically aggressive forms of human brain cancers.

"We are planning to move a narciclasine derivative toward clinical trials in oncology within a three to four year period in order to help patients with brain cancers, including gliomas, as well as brain metastases,” said Robert Kiss, Ph.D., coauthor of the study from lab of toxicology at the Institute of Pharmacy at the Université Libre de Bruxelles (Brussels, Belgium). "We hope narciclasine could be given to brain cancer patients in addition to conventional therapies.” The study's findings were published in the November 2010 print issue of the FASEB Journal.

Image: Colored computed tomography (CT) scan in axial section through the head of a 38-year-old man with a malignant, rapidly growing glioma brain tumor (yellow, at lower right) (photo courtesy Science Photo Library).

To make this discovery, Dr. Kiss and colleagues employed computer-assisted techniques to identify targets for narciclasine in cancer cells. The strongest potential candidate to emerge was the eEF1A elongation factor. Researchers then grafted human melanoma brain metastatic cells into the brains of genetically altered mice. The study's findings revealed that the injected mice survived significantly longer when treated with narciclasine than those mice left untreated. The researchers believe that narciclasine selectively inhibits the proliferation of very aggressive cancer cells, while avoiding adverse effects on normal cells. Narciclasine could be used in the near future to combat brain cancers, including gliomas, and metastases such as melanoma brain metastases.

"Scientists have been digging in odd corners to find effective treatments for brain cancer for decades, and now they've found one in daffodils,” said Gerald Weissmann, M.D., editor-in-chief of the FASEB Journal, "It doesn't mean that you should eat daisies or daffodils for what ails you, but that modern medicinal chemistry can pluck new chemicals from stuff that grows in the garden. This is a good one.”

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Institute of Pharmacy at the Université Libre de Bruxelles