Presepsin Values Evaluated as Sepsis Severity Markers
By LabMedica International staff writers Posted on 23 Jun 2020 |
Image: Presepsin concentrations (ng/mL) in two severity groups. Black line: sepsis patients; black dotted line: septic shock patients (Photo courtesy of University Hospital for Infectious Diseases in Zagreb).
Sepsis is a life-threatening condition, with poor and highly variable clinical manifestations, difficult to identify and diagnose. Sepsis has remained a real diagnostic challenge to clinicians, causing millions of death worldwide each year. Early recognition of sepsis is crucial for better disease outcome.
Blood cultures are a gold standard for diagnosing sepsis. Despite the great advantages, blood cultures also have some limitations as they are often negative, especially in patients previously treated with antibiotic, and their results are usually obtained over several days. While waiting for blood culture results, treatment of critically ill septic patients may be delayed, increasing the possibility of poor outcome.
Infectious disease specialist at the University Hospital for Infectious Diseases (Zagreb, Croatia) and their colleagues conducted a prospective observational study in two university clinical centers and enrolled 100 septic patients during two time periods. New Sepsis-3 definitions were used for sepsis stratification. Biomarkers and SOFA score were evaluated four times during the illness.
Routine laboratory parameters and C-reactive protein (CRP) were tested immediately. For procalcitonin (PCT) and presepsin levels measurements, blood was collected at all four time points, frozen until the end of the study, and then measured. Quantitative analysis of PCT was performed using an automated electrochemiluminescence immunoanalyzer (ELECSYS* BRAHMS* PCT; Roche Diagnostics, Mannheim, Germany). A sandwich enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assay ̶ Human Presepsin ELISA Kit (Nordic Biosite, Täby, Sweden), was used for presepsin measurement.
The following laboratory parameters were recorded: red blood cell count, hemoglobin, hematocrit, white blood cell count, platelet count, serum creatinine, serum total bilirubin, serum liver enzymes (aspartate aminotransferase-AST and alanine aminotransferase-ALT), partial thromboplastin time (PTT), international normalized ratio (INR), electrolytes (sodium and potassium), blood gas analysis, CRP, PCT, and presepsin concentrations.
The scientists reported that presepsin concentrations were significantly higher on admission in 34 patients with septic shock compared to 66 patients with sepsis, mean ± SD: 128.5 ± 47.6 ng/mL versus 88.6 ± 65.6 ng/mL, respectively. The same was not observed for PCT and CRP; their concentrations did not differ significantly between severity groups. A strong correlation of presepsin with SOFA score was also found.
The authors concluded that their study showed that serum presepsin concentration on admission reflects the severity of disease. Presepsin was a better predictor of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome compared to other tested sepsis biomarkers. The strong correlation of presepsin with SOFA score makes this marker a valuable tool for identifying septic patients. PCT and CRP concentrations did not differ between sepsis severity groups. The study was published in the June, 2020 issue of the International Journal of Infectious Diseases.
Blood cultures are a gold standard for diagnosing sepsis. Despite the great advantages, blood cultures also have some limitations as they are often negative, especially in patients previously treated with antibiotic, and their results are usually obtained over several days. While waiting for blood culture results, treatment of critically ill septic patients may be delayed, increasing the possibility of poor outcome.
Infectious disease specialist at the University Hospital for Infectious Diseases (Zagreb, Croatia) and their colleagues conducted a prospective observational study in two university clinical centers and enrolled 100 septic patients during two time periods. New Sepsis-3 definitions were used for sepsis stratification. Biomarkers and SOFA score were evaluated four times during the illness.
Routine laboratory parameters and C-reactive protein (CRP) were tested immediately. For procalcitonin (PCT) and presepsin levels measurements, blood was collected at all four time points, frozen until the end of the study, and then measured. Quantitative analysis of PCT was performed using an automated electrochemiluminescence immunoanalyzer (ELECSYS* BRAHMS* PCT; Roche Diagnostics, Mannheim, Germany). A sandwich enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assay ̶ Human Presepsin ELISA Kit (Nordic Biosite, Täby, Sweden), was used for presepsin measurement.
The following laboratory parameters were recorded: red blood cell count, hemoglobin, hematocrit, white blood cell count, platelet count, serum creatinine, serum total bilirubin, serum liver enzymes (aspartate aminotransferase-AST and alanine aminotransferase-ALT), partial thromboplastin time (PTT), international normalized ratio (INR), electrolytes (sodium and potassium), blood gas analysis, CRP, PCT, and presepsin concentrations.
The scientists reported that presepsin concentrations were significantly higher on admission in 34 patients with septic shock compared to 66 patients with sepsis, mean ± SD: 128.5 ± 47.6 ng/mL versus 88.6 ± 65.6 ng/mL, respectively. The same was not observed for PCT and CRP; their concentrations did not differ significantly between severity groups. A strong correlation of presepsin with SOFA score was also found.
The authors concluded that their study showed that serum presepsin concentration on admission reflects the severity of disease. Presepsin was a better predictor of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome compared to other tested sepsis biomarkers. The strong correlation of presepsin with SOFA score makes this marker a valuable tool for identifying septic patients. PCT and CRP concentrations did not differ between sepsis severity groups. The study was published in the June, 2020 issue of the International Journal of Infectious Diseases.
Latest Immunology News
- Diagnostic Blood Test for Cellular Rejection after Organ Transplant Could Replace Surgical Biopsies
- AI Tool Precisely Matches Cancer Drugs to Patients Using Information from Each Tumor Cell
- Genetic Testing Combined With Personalized Drug Screening On Tumor Samples to Revolutionize Cancer Treatment
- Testing Method Could Help More Patients Receive Right Cancer Treatment
- Groundbreaking Test Monitors Radiation Therapy Toxicity in Cancer Patients
- State-Of-The Art Techniques to Investigate Immune Response in Deadly Strep A Infections
- Novel Immunoassays Enable Early Diagnosis of Antiphospholipid Syndrome
- New Test Could Predict Immunotherapy Success for Broader Range Of Cancers
- Simple Blood Protein Tests Predict CAR T Outcomes for Lymphoma Patients
- Cell Sorter Chip Technology to Pave Way for Immune Profiling at POC
- Chip Monitors Cancer Cells in Blood Samples to Assess Treatment Effectiveness
- Automated Immunohematology Approaches Can Resolve Transplant Incompatibility
- AI Leverages Tumor Genetics to Predict Patient Response to Chemotherapy
- World’s First Portable, Non-Invasive WBC Monitoring Device to Eliminate Need for Blood Draw
- Predictive T-Cell Test Detects Immune Response to Viruses Even Before Antibodies Form
- Single Blood Draw to Detect Immune Cells Present Months before Flu Infection Can Predict Symptoms