新开发的POC测定能可靠鉴定血型
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By LabMedica International staff writers Posted on 14 Apr 2017 |
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图片：根据观察区里是否存在蓝绿色确定A、B、AB和O型血（红色虚线框）。多重测定检验(C) ABO/Rh与 (D) 稀有血型系统（图片蒙第三军医大学惠赐）。
快速准确地确定血型在生物科学和医学等多个学科中发挥至关重要的作用，尤其是对怀孕、输血和骨髓移植。
一种快速、准确、多用途的试纸验血方法日前开发成功，执行它无需特制的设备，从而为血型鉴定提供了一种更加经济实惠的方案。血型测定的原理是常用的pH指示剂染料与血液反应时的颜色变化。
重庆第三军医大学的医学家用溴甲酚绿试纸分析了3,550份静脉血样和指尖血样。一家诊断实验室用美国新泽西州Raritan市Ortho Clinical Diagnostics股份有限公司的BioVue凝胶卡测定辨识血型。这款试纸测定用固定的抗体和溴甲酚绿染料快速可靠地确定血型，不同的血液组分使染料变成不同颜色，目测即可获知结果。
30秒内可检测ABO抗原和五种主要的Rh血型抗原，取少量（100微升）全血做片上血浆分离，无需离心，两分钟内可同时进行正向和反向ABO血型鉴定。研究人员开发了一种机器学习方法，将对应于染色颜色变化的光谱图形归类，实现了可重复的自动分型。用最佳操作参数测定3,550份人类血样的血型，染料辅助的试纸测定表现出媲美经典凝胶卡测定的准确度和可重复性。如果投入组装线和低成本生产，这项研究提出的方法也许能发展成一套经济实惠、稳定的血型鉴定通用平台。
该研究的论文发表于2017年3月15日的《科学》杂志《转化医学》分册。作者总结说，这款测定产品不仅为血型鉴定提供了新策略，还可在时间紧迫、资源有限的情况下使用，如战场、偏远地区以及急诊过程。该研究提出的血型测定方法加强并简化了工作流，经过进一步开发可成为高度紧凑的全自动平台，效率极高且经济，使大规模制造成为可能。
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一种快速、准确、多用途的试纸验血方法日前开发成功，执行它无需特制的设备，从而为血型鉴定提供了一种更加经济实惠的方案。血型测定的原理是常用的pH指示剂染料与血液反应时的颜色变化。
重庆第三军医大学的医学家用溴甲酚绿试纸分析了3,550份静脉血样和指尖血样。一家诊断实验室用美国新泽西州Raritan市Ortho Clinical Diagnostics股份有限公司的BioVue凝胶卡测定辨识血型。这款试纸测定用固定的抗体和溴甲酚绿染料快速可靠地确定血型，不同的血液组分使染料变成不同颜色，目测即可获知结果。
30秒内可检测ABO抗原和五种主要的Rh血型抗原，取少量（100微升）全血做片上血浆分离，无需离心，两分钟内可同时进行正向和反向ABO血型鉴定。研究人员开发了一种机器学习方法，将对应于染色颜色变化的光谱图形归类，实现了可重复的自动分型。用最佳操作参数测定3,550份人类血样的血型，染料辅助的试纸测定表现出媲美经典凝胶卡测定的准确度和可重复性。如果投入组装线和低成本生产，这项研究提出的方法也许能发展成一套经济实惠、稳定的血型鉴定通用平台。
该研究的论文发表于2017年3月15日的《科学》杂志《转化医学》分册。作者总结说，这款测定产品不仅为血型鉴定提供了新策略，还可在时间紧迫、资源有限的情况下使用，如战场、偏远地区以及急诊过程。该研究提出的血型测定方法加强并简化了工作流，经过进一步开发可成为高度紧凑的全自动平台，效率极高且经济，使大规模制造成为可能。
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