骨再生用生物补丁
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By LabMedica International staff writers Posted on 12 Dec 2013 |
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图片：University of Iowa 的研究人员发明了一种生物补丁，促进缺失或受损的骨组织再生。如照片（上方）所示的补丁令缺失的头骨再生（照片由 Satheesh Elangovan 提供）
科学家们发明了一种生物补丁，令缺失或受损的骨组织再生，即通过 DNA 加入纳米粒子把成骨指令正确传递给细胞。
这是一项创新性研究，研究人员使用编码血小板源生长因子（被称为血小板源生长因子 B 亚单位，PDGF-B）的 DNA 片段直接将成骨指令传递给体内现有骨细胞，允许这些细胞生成蛋白质，令更多骨组织生成。早期努力从体外重复给予此类物质，这种操作费用昂贵，频次密集，贯穿复杂的复制过程。
“我们将 DNA 传递给细胞，令细胞生成蛋白质，这就是提高骨再生的蛋白质生成方式，”University of Iowa’s (UI; Iowa City, USA) College of Pharmacy 的教授，计划于 2014 年 1 月刊发于《生物材料》（Biomaterial）期刊的论文的联合通讯作者 Aliasger Salem 博士说道。
研究者以胶原支架为起点。然后将带有合成创新质粒的生物补丁加载至支架上，其中的质粒能为成骨提供基因指令。然后将支架插入受试动物 5 mm x 2 mm 的头骨缺失区。4 周后，研究人员对插入含生物补丁支架、无质粒支架或未植入的受试动物情况进行比较。
加入质粒的生物补丁令受试动物涉及部位的骨骼和软组织增长量达单纯支架植入者的44倍以上，比未植入的受试动物高14倍。研究人员报告：外观和横截面扫描显示，质粒编码支架刺激足量新骨生成，几近令创口区域闭合。
质粒进入体内已有的骨细胞（通常位于受损部位周围，环绕支架）发挥作用。研究团队使用聚合物缩小粒子的大小，并使质粒带正电荷，令其更容易被现有骨细胞所接受。研究人员还强调，采用的传输策略并非借助病毒完成，这就意味着这些质粒不太可能引发非预期性免疫应答，但是能够生成大量骨细胞，从而降低操作的成本。
下一个研究阶段中，科学家们将建立生物平台，刺激新的血管生长，满足扩展和维持骨生长的需要。
Related Links:
University of Iowa
这是一项创新性研究，研究人员使用编码血小板源生长因子（被称为血小板源生长因子 B 亚单位，PDGF-B）的 DNA 片段直接将成骨指令传递给体内现有骨细胞，允许这些细胞生成蛋白质，令更多骨组织生成。早期努力从体外重复给予此类物质，这种操作费用昂贵，频次密集，贯穿复杂的复制过程。
“我们将 DNA 传递给细胞，令细胞生成蛋白质，这就是提高骨再生的蛋白质生成方式，”University of Iowa’s (UI; Iowa City, USA) College of Pharmacy 的教授，计划于 2014 年 1 月刊发于《生物材料》（Biomaterial）期刊的论文的联合通讯作者 Aliasger Salem 博士说道。
研究者以胶原支架为起点。然后将带有合成创新质粒的生物补丁加载至支架上，其中的质粒能为成骨提供基因指令。然后将支架插入受试动物 5 mm x 2 mm 的头骨缺失区。4 周后，研究人员对插入含生物补丁支架、无质粒支架或未植入的受试动物情况进行比较。
加入质粒的生物补丁令受试动物涉及部位的骨骼和软组织增长量达单纯支架植入者的44倍以上，比未植入的受试动物高14倍。研究人员报告：外观和横截面扫描显示，质粒编码支架刺激足量新骨生成，几近令创口区域闭合。
质粒进入体内已有的骨细胞（通常位于受损部位周围，环绕支架）发挥作用。研究团队使用聚合物缩小粒子的大小，并使质粒带正电荷，令其更容易被现有骨细胞所接受。研究人员还强调，采用的传输策略并非借助病毒完成，这就意味着这些质粒不太可能引发非预期性免疫应答，但是能够生成大量骨细胞，从而降低操作的成本。
下一个研究阶段中，科学家们将建立生物平台，刺激新的血管生长，满足扩展和维持骨生长的需要。
Related Links:
University of Iowa
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