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Pathology

Image: A malignant melanoma of the skin (Photo courtesy of National Cancer Institute).

Biomarker Detects Active Melanoma and Predicts Survival

Melanoma is the most dangerous form of skin cancer, these cancerous growths develop when unrepaired DNA damage to skin cells, which is most often caused by ultraviolet radiation from sunshine or tanning beds, triggers mutations (genetic defects) that lead the skin cells to multiply rapidly and form malignant tumors. More...
25 Jul 2018
Image: An immunohistochemistry staining for expression of the estrogen receptor positivity (ER+) showing strong nuclear reactivity (Photo courtesy of the Indian National Institute of Pathology).

Cancer Genetics Highlight Mutations Linked to Drug Response

A range of somatic driver alterations has been described in estrogen receptor–positive, HER2-negative (ER+/HER2−) early breast cancer (BC); however, the clinical relevance is unknown. More...
19 Jul 2018
Image: A histopathology of mixed germ cell tumor of the testes demonstrating the high-grade cytology, typical for embryonal carcinoma (Photo courtesy of Nephron).

Integrated Analyses Offer Molecular Insights to Tumor Subtypes

The most common malignancy of young adult males of European descent are testicular germ cell tumors (TGCTs) of the type derived from germ cell neoplasia in situ (GCNIS). There are two major histologic types: pure classic seminoma and nonseminomatous germ cell tumors (NSGCTs). More...
19 Jul 2018
Image: Elevated levels of prostate specific antigen (PSA) in the blood can be an indicator of prostate cancer and lead to further diagnostic investigations (Photo courtesy of KeraNews).

Obesity Affects Prostate Cancer Test Results

Elevated levels of prostate specific antigen (PSA) in the blood can be an indicator of prostate cancer and lead to further diagnostic investigations. More...
17 Jul 2018
Image: A 3T brain magnetic resonance imaging showing white matter damage (Photo courtesy of Professor Rebecca Gottesman).

Inflammation Marker Tied to Dementia Increases with Age

Scientists have added to evidence that rising and chronic inflammation as measured by a biomarker in the blood in middle and late age are linked to visible structural changes in the brains of people with poor cognition and dementia. More...
17 Jul 2018
Image: The AR-V7 protein is a prognostic and predictive biomarker. Detection of AR-V7-positive tumor cells by the Oncotype DX test indicates that the patient will no longer benefit from commonly prescribed ARSI therapies but can still benefit from chemotherapy to prolong survival (Photo courtesy of Genomic Health/Epic Sciences).

Circulating Tumor Cell-Based AR-V7 Test Validated

A blood test to determine whether to treat patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) with an androgen receptor signaling inhibitor (ARSI) or taxane is an unmet medical need. More...
12 Jul 2018
Image: A bronchial tube, cells stained red and blue are part of the bronchial epithelium, or lining. This demonstrates the existence among these cells of a rare cell type (stained blue-green), believed to be a tuft cell. The scientists have discovered a new type of lung cancer with origins in these cells, which overexpress a gene-regulating protein called POU2F3, a potential target for therapy (Photo courtesy of Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory).

New Genre of Small-Cell Lung Cancer Discovered

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is widely considered to be a tumor of pulmonary neuroendocrine cells; however, a variant form of this disease has been described that lacks neuroendocrine features. More...
10 Jul 2018
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The Pathology channel details advances in the field of Surgical Pathology and all its subspecialties, including Cytopathology and its subspecialties.