手持质谱仪在数秒内识别出癌组织
By Xu Peng, Chief Editor 许鹏 副主编 Posted on 10 Nov 2017 |

图片:手术期间,MasSpec笔快速准确的检测出活癌,有助于改善治疗并减少癌症复发的几率(照片由University of Texas at Austin提供)。
一个由科学家和工程师组成的团队发明了一种强有效的设备,能快速鉴别出癌组织,为外科医生提供精确的诊断信息,决定切除哪些组织,留下哪些组织。
“如果与术后的癌症患者交谈,很多人要说的第一件事是‘我希望外科医生已经切除了全部癌组织’,”Livia Schiavinato Eberlin,University of Texas at Austin(Austin,TX,USA)的助理教授,该研究的设计者和团队领导说,“我们的技术能大大提高外科医生在手术期间真正清除所有痕量癌症的可能性。”
现有的方法冰冻切片分析法,手术期间诊断和确定癌症和正常组织间边界的速度缓慢,有时检测的结果不准确。每份样品检测需要30分钟或更长时间进行准备,并需要由病理学家解读结果,增大患者感染的风险和麻醉的负面作用。一些类型的癌症冰冻切片解读可能困难,经常产生不可靠的结果。
新的MasSpec笔需要花费大约10秒来提供诊断结果,对253份人类癌症患者中取出的组织检测准确度超过96%。还能检测出呈现混合细胞成分的正常组织和癌组织间边界区域中的癌症。
该技术还能为患者提供更安全的手术。“使用该技术,允许我们更精确的切除癌组织,保留正常组织,”项目的合作者,Baylor College of Medicine的James Suliburk说。虽然切除尽可能多的癌症组织很重要,但如果切除太多的健康组织可能产生更大的负面后果。例如,乳腺癌患者可能在麻醉影响的基础上,有更高的风险出现疼痛副作用和神经损伤。甲状腺癌患者可能丧失语言能力或调解体钙水平的能力,而这些能力对于肌肉和神经功能而言是很重要的。
活细胞产生的代谢物,每类癌症产生一套独有的代谢物和其他生物标志物。“由于癌症和正常细胞的代谢物差异很大,我们使用MasSpec笔提取和分析这些代谢物,以获得组织的分子指纹图谱。令人难以置信的是,虽然这种设备简单,检测的化学过程温和,但MasSpec笔能快速提供诊断分子信息,不会造成组织损伤,”Eberlin教授说。
使用MasSpec笔获得一份未知组织样品的分子指纹图谱,可由一个“统计分类器”软件立即进行评价,Eberlin教授和她的同事用253份人类组织样品的分子指纹图谱对该软件进行了培训。样品中包含乳房、肺、甲状腺和卵巢的正常组织和癌性组织。
该笔向组织中加入一滴水,小分子迁移至水中。将水样转移至质谱分析仪中,质谱仪能检测出数千个分子,得出分子指纹图谱。使用该一次性设备仅需简单的握住笔,压在患者的组织上,使用脚踏板触发自动分析,等待数秒就能得到结果。
检测人类样品时,该设备的癌症诊断准确性超过96%。使用该设备还能在手术期间诊断活体、荷瘤小鼠的癌症,不会对组织造成可见的伤害,也不会给动物带来压力。
因此该过程对患者影响小,具备生物相容性。“设计MasSpec笔时,我们确定其接触的组织仍完整,MasSpec笔的塑料头在操作过程中仅加入一滴水,”Zhang教授说。
本研究由Zhang J等人发表在2017年9月6日刊的Science Translational Medicine(科学转化医学期刊)上。
“如果与术后的癌症患者交谈,很多人要说的第一件事是‘我希望外科医生已经切除了全部癌组织’,”Livia Schiavinato Eberlin,University of Texas at Austin(Austin,TX,USA)的助理教授,该研究的设计者和团队领导说,“我们的技术能大大提高外科医生在手术期间真正清除所有痕量癌症的可能性。”
现有的方法冰冻切片分析法,手术期间诊断和确定癌症和正常组织间边界的速度缓慢,有时检测的结果不准确。每份样品检测需要30分钟或更长时间进行准备,并需要由病理学家解读结果,增大患者感染的风险和麻醉的负面作用。一些类型的癌症冰冻切片解读可能困难,经常产生不可靠的结果。
新的MasSpec笔需要花费大约10秒来提供诊断结果,对253份人类癌症患者中取出的组织检测准确度超过96%。还能检测出呈现混合细胞成分的正常组织和癌组织间边界区域中的癌症。
该技术还能为患者提供更安全的手术。“使用该技术,允许我们更精确的切除癌组织,保留正常组织,”项目的合作者,Baylor College of Medicine的James Suliburk说。虽然切除尽可能多的癌症组织很重要,但如果切除太多的健康组织可能产生更大的负面后果。例如,乳腺癌患者可能在麻醉影响的基础上,有更高的风险出现疼痛副作用和神经损伤。甲状腺癌患者可能丧失语言能力或调解体钙水平的能力,而这些能力对于肌肉和神经功能而言是很重要的。
活细胞产生的代谢物,每类癌症产生一套独有的代谢物和其他生物标志物。“由于癌症和正常细胞的代谢物差异很大,我们使用MasSpec笔提取和分析这些代谢物,以获得组织的分子指纹图谱。令人难以置信的是,虽然这种设备简单,检测的化学过程温和,但MasSpec笔能快速提供诊断分子信息,不会造成组织损伤,”Eberlin教授说。
使用MasSpec笔获得一份未知组织样品的分子指纹图谱,可由一个“统计分类器”软件立即进行评价,Eberlin教授和她的同事用253份人类组织样品的分子指纹图谱对该软件进行了培训。样品中包含乳房、肺、甲状腺和卵巢的正常组织和癌性组织。
该笔向组织中加入一滴水,小分子迁移至水中。将水样转移至质谱分析仪中,质谱仪能检测出数千个分子,得出分子指纹图谱。使用该一次性设备仅需简单的握住笔,压在患者的组织上,使用脚踏板触发自动分析,等待数秒就能得到结果。
检测人类样品时,该设备的癌症诊断准确性超过96%。使用该设备还能在手术期间诊断活体、荷瘤小鼠的癌症,不会对组织造成可见的伤害,也不会给动物带来压力。
因此该过程对患者影响小,具备生物相容性。“设计MasSpec笔时,我们确定其接触的组织仍完整,MasSpec笔的塑料头在操作过程中仅加入一滴水,”Zhang教授说。
本研究由Zhang J等人发表在2017年9月6日刊的Science Translational Medicine(科学转化医学期刊)上。
Latest 临床化学 News
Channels
Clinical Chemistry
view channel
Carbon Nanotubes Help Build Highly Accurate Sensors for Continuous Health Monitoring
Current sensors can measure various health indicators, such as blood glucose levels, in the body. However, there is a need to develop more accurate and sensitive sensor materials that can detect lower... Read more
Paper-Based Device Boosts HIV Test Accuracy from Dried Blood Samples
In regions where access to clinics for routine blood tests presents financial and logistical obstacles, HIV patients are increasingly able to collect and send a drop of blood using paper-based devices... Read moreMolecular Diagnostics
view channel
Blood Test Identifies Multiple Biomarkers for Rapid Diagnosis of Spinal Cord Injury
The National Institutes of Health estimates that 18,000 individuals in the United States sustain spinal cord injuries (SCIs) annually, resulting in a staggering financial burden of over USD 9.... Read more
Highly Accurate Blood Test Diagnoses Alzheimer’s and Measures Dementia Progression
Several blood tests are currently available to assist doctors in diagnosing Alzheimer's disease in individuals experiencing cognitive symptoms. However, these tests do not provide insights into the clinical... Read more
Simple DNA PCR-Based Lab Test to Enable Personalized Treatment of Bacterial Vaginosis
Approximately one in three women aged 14-49 in the United States will experience bacterial vaginosis (BV), a vaginal bacterial imbalance, at some point in their lives. Around 50% of BV cases do not present... Read moreHematology
view channel
New Scoring System Predicts Risk of Developing Cancer from Common Blood Disorder
Clonal cytopenia of undetermined significance (CCUS) is a blood disorder commonly found in older adults, characterized by mutations in blood cells and a low blood count, but without any obvious cause or... Read more
Non-Invasive Prenatal Test for Fetal RhD Status Demonstrates 100% Accuracy
In the United States, approximately 15% of pregnant individuals are RhD-negative. However, in about 40% of these cases, the fetus is also RhD-negative, making the administration of RhoGAM unnecessary.... Read moreImmunology
view channel
Post-Treatment Blood Test Could Inform Future Cancer Therapy Decisions
In the ongoing advancement of personalized medicine, a new study has provided evidence supporting the use of a tool that detects cancer-derived molecules in the blood of lung cancer patients years after... Read moreCerebrospinal Fluid Test Predicts Dangerous Side Effect of Cancer Treatment
In recent years, cancer immunotherapy has emerged as a promising approach where the patient's immune system is harnessed to fight cancer. One form of immunotherapy, called CAR-T-cell therapy, involves... Read more
New Test Measures Preterm Infant Immunity Using Only Two Drops of Blood
Preterm infants are particularly vulnerable due to their organs still undergoing development, which can lead to difficulties in breathing, eating, and regulating body temperature. This is especially true... Read more
Simple Blood Test Could Help Choose Better Treatments for Patients with Recurrent Endometrial Cancer
Endometrial cancer, which develops in the lining of the uterus, is the most prevalent gynecologic cancer in the United States, affecting over 66,000 women annually. Projections indicate that in 2025, around... Read moreMicrobiology
view channel
Breakthrough Diagnostic Technology Identifies Bacterial Infections with Almost 100% Accuracy within Three Hours
Rapid and precise identification of pathogenic microbes in patient samples is essential for the effective treatment of acute infectious diseases, such as sepsis. The fluorescence in situ hybridization... Read moreInnovative ID/AST System to Help Diagnose Infectious Diseases and Combat AMR
Each year, 11 million people across the world die of sepsis out of which 1.3 million deaths are due to antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The burden of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) continues to weigh heavily,... Read more
Gastrointestinal Panel Delivers Rapid Detection of Five Common Bacterial Pathogens for Outpatient Use
Acute infectious gastroenteritis results in approximately 179 million cases each year in the United States, leading to a significant number of outpatient visits and hospitalizations. To address this, a... Read morePathology
view channel
AI Model Predicts Patient Response to Bladder Cancer Treatment
Each year in the United States, around 81,000 new cases of bladder cancer are diagnosed, leading to approximately 17,000 deaths annually. Muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) is a severe form of bladder... Read more
New Laser-Based Method to Accelerate Cancer Diagnosis
Researchers have developed a method to improve cancer diagnostics and other diseases. Collagen, a key structural protein, plays various roles in cell activity. A novel multidisciplinary study published... Read more
New AI Model Predicts Gene Variants’ Effects on Specific Diseases
In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) has greatly enhanced our ability to identify a vast number of genetic variants in increasingly larger populations. However, up to half of these variants are... Read more
Powerful AI Tool Diagnoses Coeliac Disease from Biopsy Images with Over 97% Accuracy
Coeliac disease is an autoimmune disorder triggered by the consumption of gluten, causing symptoms such as stomach cramps, diarrhea, skin rashes, weight loss, fatigue, and anemia. Due to the wide variation... Read moreTechnology
view channel
Smartphones Could Diagnose Diseases Using Infrared Scans
Rapid advancements in technology may soon make it possible for individuals to bypass invasive medical procedures by simply uploading a screenshot of their lab results from their phone directly to their doctor.... Read more
Novel Sensor Technology to Enable Early Diagnoses of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Disorders
Metabolites are critical compounds that fuel life's essential functions, playing a key role in producing energy, regulating cellular activities, and maintaining the balance of bodily systems.... Read more
3D Printing Breakthrough Enables Large Scale Development of Tiny Microfluidic Devices
Microfluidic devices are diagnostic systems capable of analyzing small volumes of materials with precision and speed. These devices are used in a variety of applications, including cancer cell analysis,... Read moreIndustry
view channel
Leica Biosystems and Bio-Techne Expand Spatial Multiomic Collaboration
Bio-Techne Corporation (Minneapolis, MN, USA) has expanded the longstanding partnership between its spatial biology brand, Advanced Cell Diagnostics (ACD, Newark, CA, USA), and Leica Biosystems (Nussloch,... Read more
Philips and Ibex Expand Partnership to Enhance AI-Enabled Pathology Workflows
Royal Philips (Amsterdam, The Netherlands) has expanded its partnership with Ibex Medical Analytics (Tel Aviv, Israel) and released the new Philips IntelliSite Pathology Solution (PIPS) to further accelerate... Read more
Grifols and Inpeco Partner to Deliver Transfusion Medicine ‘Lab of The Future’
Grifols (Barcelona, Spain), a manufacturer of plasma-derived medicines and innovative diagnostic solutions, has entered into a strategic agreement with Inpeco (Novazzano, Switzerland), a global leader... Read more