Renal Expression of Immunomodulators in Diabetic Nephropathy
By LabMedica International staff writers Posted on 12 Aug 2020 |
In situ expression of chemokines eotaxin, IL-8, and MIP-1α in glomerular and tubulointerstitial compartments in patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN) and control group (Photo courtesy of Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro).
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a chronic microvascular complication that affects about 20% to 30% of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). It is considered the leading cause of end-stage renal failure requiring renal replacement therapy.
Immune and inflammatory mechanisms play important role in the development and progression of DN, which is considered a chronic inflammatory disease. Several cells, such as monocytes, macrophages, and lymphocytes, as well as the immunomodulators chemokines and cytokines, have been implicated in this process.
Medical scientists at the Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro (Uberaba, Brazil) selected 44 native renal biopsies from patients with DN and 23 control cases. The diagnosis of DN was performed with three samples used for light microscopy (LM), direct immunofluorescence (IF) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). For LM, 2-μm paraffin sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), Sirius red, methenamine silver, and Masson’s trichrome. LM was used to analyze morphological changes and interstitial inflammation.
Immunohistochemistry was performed manually on slides containing paraffin-embedded tissue sections using the Novolink Polymer Detection System Kit, a non-biotin polymer system (Leica Biosystems, Nussloch, Germany; www.leicabiosystems.com). In situ expression of eotaxin, macrophage inflammatory protein-1α (MIP-1α), interleukin-8 (IL-8), IL-4, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α ), tumor necrosis factor receptor-1 (TNFR1), IL-1β, and IL-6 were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Immunostained cells showing an intense brownish staining were marked by the observer using the interactive AxionCam ICc 5 image analysis system (Carl Zeiss Microscopy GmbH, Jena, Germany; www.zeiss.de).
The team reported that the DN group showed a significant increase in IL-6, IL-1β, IL-4 and eotaxin expression, and a decrease in TNFR1 and IL-8 expression compared to the control group. However, there were no significant differences in IL-10, TNF-α, and MIP-1α expression among groups. With interstitial inflammation, there was a significant increase in IL-6 in scores 0 and 1 compared to score 2 , in IL-10 in score 2 compared to score 0, and in eotaxin in score 2 compared to scores 0 and 1, whereas IL-8 and MIP-1α showed no significant differences. There was a tendency for negative correlation between eotaxin and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).
The authors concluded that that in situ expression of cytokines and chemokines, including IL-6, IL-1β, IL-4 and eotaxin, is increased in patients with DN. It was observed that, possibly, eotaxin may have an important role in progression of interstitial inflammation in DN and in the decrease of eGFR of these patients. The study was published on July 28, 2020 in the journal BMC Nephrology.
Related Links:
Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro
Leica Biosystems
Carl Zeiss Microscopy
Immune and inflammatory mechanisms play important role in the development and progression of DN, which is considered a chronic inflammatory disease. Several cells, such as monocytes, macrophages, and lymphocytes, as well as the immunomodulators chemokines and cytokines, have been implicated in this process.
Medical scientists at the Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro (Uberaba, Brazil) selected 44 native renal biopsies from patients with DN and 23 control cases. The diagnosis of DN was performed with three samples used for light microscopy (LM), direct immunofluorescence (IF) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). For LM, 2-μm paraffin sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), Sirius red, methenamine silver, and Masson’s trichrome. LM was used to analyze morphological changes and interstitial inflammation.
Immunohistochemistry was performed manually on slides containing paraffin-embedded tissue sections using the Novolink Polymer Detection System Kit, a non-biotin polymer system (Leica Biosystems, Nussloch, Germany; www.leicabiosystems.com). In situ expression of eotaxin, macrophage inflammatory protein-1α (MIP-1α), interleukin-8 (IL-8), IL-4, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α ), tumor necrosis factor receptor-1 (TNFR1), IL-1β, and IL-6 were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Immunostained cells showing an intense brownish staining were marked by the observer using the interactive AxionCam ICc 5 image analysis system (Carl Zeiss Microscopy GmbH, Jena, Germany; www.zeiss.de).
The team reported that the DN group showed a significant increase in IL-6, IL-1β, IL-4 and eotaxin expression, and a decrease in TNFR1 and IL-8 expression compared to the control group. However, there were no significant differences in IL-10, TNF-α, and MIP-1α expression among groups. With interstitial inflammation, there was a significant increase in IL-6 in scores 0 and 1 compared to score 2 , in IL-10 in score 2 compared to score 0, and in eotaxin in score 2 compared to scores 0 and 1, whereas IL-8 and MIP-1α showed no significant differences. There was a tendency for negative correlation between eotaxin and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).
The authors concluded that that in situ expression of cytokines and chemokines, including IL-6, IL-1β, IL-4 and eotaxin, is increased in patients with DN. It was observed that, possibly, eotaxin may have an important role in progression of interstitial inflammation in DN and in the decrease of eGFR of these patients. The study was published on July 28, 2020 in the journal BMC Nephrology.
Related Links:
Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro
Leica Biosystems
Carl Zeiss Microscopy
Latest Pathology News
- AI-Powered Digital Imaging System to Revolutionize Cancer Diagnosis
- New Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Panel to Support Real-Time Surveillance and Combat Antimicrobial Resistance
- New Method Offers Sustainable Approach to Universal Metabolic Cancer Diagnosis
- Spatial Tissue Analysis Identifies Patterns Associated With Ovarian Cancer Relapse
- Unique Hand-Warming Technology Supports High-Quality Fingertip Blood Sample Collection
- Image-Based AI Shows Promise for Parasite Detection in Digitized Stool Samples
- Deep Learning Powered AI Algorithms Improve Skin Cancer Diagnostic Accuracy
- Microfluidic Device for Cancer Detection Precisely Separates Tumor Entities
- Virtual Skin Biopsy Determines Presence of Cancerous Cells
- AI Detects Viable Tumor Cells for Accurate Bone Cancer Prognoses Post Chemotherapy
- First Ever Technique Identifies Single Cancer Cells in Blood for Targeted Treatments
- Innovative Blood Collection Device Overcomes Common Obstacles Related to Phlebotomy
- Intra-Operative POC Device Distinguishes Between Benign and Malignant Ovarian Cysts within 15 Minutes
- Simple Skin Biopsy Test Detects Parkinson’s and Related Neurodegenerative Diseases
- Bioinformatics Tool to Identify Chromosomal Alterations in Tumor Cells Can Improve Cancer Diagnosis
- Coin-Sized Device Rapidly Isolates Blood Plasma for Quicker and More Precise Clinical Diagnoses