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Immunology

Image: Illustrated summary of the role of the AIRE gene product and its connection to a group of autoimmune disorders now discovered to be related. The AIRE gene is expressed in a rare population of the thymus, where it is critical for educating immune cells, called T cells, to discriminate between foreign invaders and body’s own proteins. Normally (top) AIRE operates in the form of a complex made up of four identical strands. When both copies of the AIRE gene are mutated (recessive), the resulting complex (middle) is dysfunctional and patients suffer from severe autoimmune disorders. When there are specific mutations in only one copy (dominant, bottom), the protein\'s function can still be disrupted and individuals can develop autoimmune disorders with different levels of severity. (Photo courtesy of Weizmann Institute of Science).

Rare Hereditary Autoimmune Disease Found to Have More Common Form

Researchers have discovered that single-allele mutations in the gene that causes recessive autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type-1 can cause a less severe but more common condition. Findings may help identify, diagnose, and treat a number of autoimmune diseases.  More...
21 Jun 2015
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Immunoassay Detects Specific Antibodies in Antiphospholipid Syndrome Patients

Currently, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for detection of anticardiolipin and anti-β2glycoprotein I antibodies has not been standardized.   More...
15 Jun 2015
Image: Immunofluorescence pattern of endomysial antibodies produced using serum from a patient with celiac disease on monkey esophagus with a fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) conjugate (Photo courtesy of Simon Caulton).

Serum Assay Evaluated for Celiac Disease Screening

Celiac Disease is an autoimmune enteropathy triggered by the ingestion of gluten-containing grains in genetically susceptible individuals and it damages the small intestine mucosa leading to villous atrophy, crypt hyperplasia and intraepithelial lymphocytic infiltrate.  More...
07 Jun 2015
Image: Computed tomography scan (CT) of a patient with brain trauma showing cerebral contusions, hemorrhage within the hemispheres, subdural hematoma, and skull fractures (Photo courtesy of Drs. T. Rehman, R. Ali, I. Tawil, and H. Yonas).

Blood Test Detects Traumatic Brain Injury Reducing Unnecessary Imaging

A simple blood test to measure brain-specific proteins released after a person suffers a traumatic brain injury can reliably predict both evidence of TBI on radiographic imaging and injury severity.  More...
02 Jun 2015
Image: Egg of Schistosoma haematobium in a wet mount of urine concentrates, showing the characteristic terminal spine (Photo courtesy of US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention).

Urine Circulating Anodic Antigen Test Diagnoses Schistosomiasis

An accurate diagnosis is essential and should be adapted to the specific stage of a schistosomiasis control program and parasitological methods to detect Schistosoma eggs in stool are widely used.  More...
27 May 2015
Image: The MassARRAY mass spectrometer (Photo courtesy of Agena Bioscience).

New Light Shed on the Cause of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

The transient receptor potential superfamily in humans comprises 27 cation channels with permeability to monovalent and divalent cations and these channels are widely expressed within humans on cells and tissues and have significant sensory and regulatory roles on most physiological functions.  More...
27 May 2015
Image: The INNOTEST enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits for Alzheimer disease biomarkers (Photo courtesy of Fujirebio-Europe).

Small Molecule Detects Alzheimer's Disease at Early Stages

A high level of a small molecule called D-serine have been identified as associated with cognitive decline in Alzheimer’s disease and holds the potential to represent a novel and effective biomarker for AD.   More...
26 May 2015
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The Immunology channel of LabMedica deals with diagnostic techniques and immuonassays such as ELISA, pregnancy tests, immunoblotting, immunohistochemical staining, serology, and associated hardware.