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肿瘤标志物水平作为疾病进展的指示物

By LabMedica International staff writers
Posted on 10 Nov 2017
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图片:前列腺癌细胞的扫描电子显微照片(SEM)(照片由 David McCarthy 提供)。
图片:前列腺癌细胞的扫描电子显微照片(SEM)(照片由 David McCarthy 提供)。
检测血清肿瘤标志物水平作为已确诊肿瘤进展的早期指示物,用于持续治疗。
肿瘤常常向血液中分泌特定与单一部位癌症类型相关的复杂分子,例如,与前列腺癌相关的前列腺特异性抗原(PSA),与结直肠癌相关的癌胚抗原(CEA),与卵巢癌相关的CA125,与胰腺癌相关的CA19.9,以及与乳腺癌相关的CA27.29。使用免疫检测法很容易检测出这些标志物的水平,但尚未证实这些检测手段是否适用于作为筛查其他健康人群有潜在癌症的证据。
University of Colorado School of Medicine(Denver,USA)的研究者检验了使用肿瘤标志物检测法作为管理晚期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)治疗手段的可能性。为此,他们开展了一项单中心回顾性分析,分析可获得的基线和治疗时 IV 期肺腺癌的CEA、CA125、CA19.9和CA27.29水平。根据肿瘤驱动基因个体值划分肿瘤。分析来自142名患者的NSCLC肿瘤。肿瘤与下列肿瘤基因相关:ALK=60、EGFR=50、ROS1=4和KRAS=28。
结果揭示,疾病进展过程中,53%的患者血肿瘤标志物浓度大于等于10%。但是,如果肿瘤进展仅限于脑部,仅22%的病例肿瘤标志物增多。患者中,82%的患者至少有一个标志物;如果检测全部四种标志物(CA27.29最高频率增大,CA19.9最低),则有95%的患者检出。治疗期间肿瘤标志物浓度升高很可能发生在疾病进展的X线摄影改变晚期(直至84天)。
“如果您询问一些肿瘤学家,他们可能说,肺癌中检查这些标志物是没有意义的,因为肺癌不表达这些标志物,”资深作者D. Ross Camidge博士,University of Colorado School of Medicine的胸部肿瘤教授说。“显然,这些标志物不能替代常规的监测扫描来确定疾病进展,特别是脑部。然而,这就是医学技术可能的魅力之处。如果标志物正在增多,但CT扫描结果显示一切都好,这些数据可能会推动您你进行更详细的扫描——类似PET/CT扫描。或如果最佳体扫描结果都保持稳定,肿瘤标志物升高可能会推动您接受脑扫描,努力找到隐藏的疾病进展部位。”
这项研究已发表在2017年8月24日网络版的Journal of Thoracic Oncology(胸部肿瘤学杂志)。

Related Links:
University of Colorado School of Medicine

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